Confucius: Life, Teachings, and Impact on China
Confucius: Life and Philosophy
Three names have been attributed to the same person: Kong Qiu, Kong Fuzi, and Kong Zi. “Kong” means “master”, someone who teaches something. He has been a huge influence upon China; it is almost impossible to talk about China without talking about him.
Humble Origins and the Warring States Period
Confucius had humble origins; he came from a family of peasants (he wrote about his origins). He never got a substantial government position and he claimed he was not an innovator
Read More18th-Century Literature: Social Change and Literary Evolution
Diaries, memoirs, and travel books are important. These kinds of writings are abundant and serve well to tell of the social relations of a given time. They also have reformist ambitions, are converted to texts that collect ideas, and therefore are also part of the literature of ideas. Examples include Moratín’s Trip to Italy, or the memoirs of Lorenzo da Ponte, who wrote librettos for Mozart, toured Europe, and included many details in his memoirs. Casanova, remembered as a model seducer, wrote
Read MoreLinguistic Integration and Standardization in Spain’s Constitution
**c) Linguistic Standardization and Freedom**
More delicate are interventions involving language planning and standardization processes. In standardizing a language, it is easy for compulsion to slip in. Linguistic normalization of regional languages, as a set of actions to restore the equal public status of a minority language, can be perfectly compatible with freedom of language if it does not become unreasonable or contradict the basic demands of equality. The standardization of languages is something
Read MoreCrowd Control: Mechanisms and Strategies
Mass Control Mechanisms
Whenever a crowd is forming, creating a situation that alerts the police, civil defense, or private facilities, it’s important to consider the potential for violent behavior. This behavior could be directed towards its own members, other individuals, or property. Regardless of the initial purpose of the crowd, the consequences are unpredictable. Therefore, preventive measures based on the type of mass, individuals, and physical space are crucial.
Key Factors in Crowd Management
Size
The
Understanding Political Systems: Absolutism, Democracy, and Globalization
Understanding Political Systems
1. Absolutism and Dictatorship vs. Democracy
Absolutism is a form of government where the ruler’s power is not subject to institutional constraints or divine law. Dictatorship is a government where power is concentrated in a single individual, often through a de facto government. Both concentrate power, limiting the people’s influence.
2. What is a Political Regime?
A political regime is the set of institutions governing the struggle for power, its exercise, and the values
Read MoreChomsky’s Generative Grammar: Rationalism, Mentalism, and Formalism
Chomsky’s Approach to the Study of Language
Generativism
- What does ‘generative’ mean in GG?
We are dealing with a grammar which conceives language as a creative process for each particular sentence. Sentences are generated according to a set of given rules.
- Can you explain this concept further?
Language is made up of a limited number of lexical units and grammar rules which adequately combined may produce an infinite number of well-formed expressions according to the speaker’s communicative needs.
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