Effective CLIL Program Implementation: Key Factors & Strategies
Effective CLIL Program Implementation
For optimal progress, cognitive challenge and intrinsic motivation must be infused into teacher-student interactions. Students need appropriate contextual supports to operate at a high level in their L2. These supports apply in all content-based and bilingual education situations, including:
- Activating prior knowledge and building background knowledge (through the L1 where necessary).
- Modifying instruction to build sufficient redundancy.
- Using graphic organizers
Historical and Cultural Shifts: From Medieval to Baroque Spain
Historical Contexts
Early Medieval Period (11th Century)
- Born as a result of the heroic spirit of the times.
- Historical figures become legends.
- The people needed to know what happened to their heroes and wars; the epic fills this need.
- These are not historical texts but have parts of literary fantasy; historical details give more credibility.
Late Medieval Period (15th Century)
General Characteristics:
- Crisis of medieval society during the transition.
- The medieval world is transformed.
Politics:
- Reign of John
Understanding Health: Definition, Factors, and Social Impact
Health: Definition and Indicators
The World Health Organization (WHO), in 1946, defined health as a complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease. Since 1992, this definition has been expanded to include the concept of harmony with the environment.
The level of health is essential for the life and growth of a country and its social and economic progress. It is an important indicator of a nation’s welfare, level of development, and social stability. Therefore,
Read MorePioneering Educators: Montessori, Kerschensteiner, and Makarenko
Maria Montessori: Unleashing Children’s Potential
Maria Montessori (1870-1952), a pioneer in early childhood education, initially studied medicine and became the first woman in Europe to be licensed as a physician. Her educational philosophy was based on scientific observations of children’s sensory development and the concept of self-directed activity. She demonstrated that underprivileged children could be effectively educated and applied the methods she used with children with disabilities to
Read MoreImpact of Industrialization on Society and Imperialism
However, individuals could secure employment, though initially, the miserable conditions were very difficult. This was gradually remedied by industry or region, where workers were able to increase their wages (in 1873, despite the crisis and increased wages, this trend reversed). Overall, the income gap between the upper class and the working class continued to grow.
- Liberalism seemed to impose its model without any limitation, but it was affected by the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution,
Victorian Era: Society, Literature, and Industrialization
Middle Classes in Victorian Society
The middle class (MC) emerged as a new social category, shifting from traditional ranks to a more fluid “class” system. This new system was characterized by economic mobility and conflict, as individuals strived for higher positions. The traditional model of society, based on paternalism and deference, was replaced by a bourgeois mentality that valued work and professional achievement. The middle class acted as a bridge between the aristocracy and the working class,
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