Ludovico and Annibale Carracci: A Study of Their Works

Ludovico and Annibale Carracci: Masterpieces

Flagellation (1585)

Musée de la Chartreuse, Douai. 190x265cm. This piece, echoing Annibale’s provision for friezes and character placement, centers around a column where Christ is bound. Compositional balance is achieved with three figures on each side. The architecture is thought to be inspired by Vignola’s Palazzo Bianchi in Bologna, while the background’s spatial coherence hints at Annibale’s contributions. Ludovico’s use of body geometry creates momentum,

Read More

Middle Ages, Humanism, and the Renaissance: A Historical Overview

Middle Ages

The Middle Ages, a historical period spanning from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 CE to the late 15th century, marked a significant transition in European history. This era concluded with pivotal events like the discovery of America and the fall of the Byzantine Empire.

The Rise of Islam

In the 7th century, Islam emerged in the Arabian Peninsula, preached by Muhammad, who worshipped one god called Allah. Followers of Islam are called Muslims.

Feudal Society

Feudal society was rigidly

Read More

Understanding the Feudal System: A Deep Dive into Medieval Society

The Feudal System: A Comprehensive Overview

3.3. Defining Feudalism

Feudalism, a cornerstone of classical history, is widely recognized for its feudal-vassal institutions. Modern historiography views feudalism as a system of dependency relationships that shaped medieval society. The traditional understanding of vassalage emphasizes a personal bond between lord and vassal, involving an exchange of loyalty, protection, and service. The vassal typically received a grant of land (a fief) in return for

Read More

Visigothic Law and the Liber Iudiciorum

Christianity

Origins and Development

Christianity originated from the teachings of Christ, found in sacred texts written after his time. Within the Jewish context, Christ was seen as the Messiah. After his death, a set of beliefs formed, leading to the separation of Christianity from Judaism. This new faith centered on salvation through Christ’s death and resurrection.

Open to all, Christianity required only baptism and Eucharist, regardless of ethnicity. Key features of its development include:

  • Gradual
Read More

Key Figures of Renaissance Humanism

Renaissance Humanism and its Leading Figures

What is Renaissance Humanism?

Renaissance Humanism was a transformative intellectual and cultural movement that emerged in Europe during the 14th century and flourished throughout the Renaissance period. It marked a renewed interest in classical antiquity, emphasizing human potential and achievement. Humanists sought to revive the study of Greek and Roman literature, philosophy, and art, believing that these provided valuable insights into human nature

Read More

The Church and Monasticism in Early Medieval Europe

The Life of Saint Benedict

Early Life and Hermitage

Born in Nursia, Italy, in 480, Saint Benedict belonged to a family of modest means and noble virtues. At a young age, he traveled to Rome to study rhetoric and law. He desired a successful career, but at the age of 20, he abandoned his ambitions and journeyed to Subiaco. There, he sought God in solitude and prayer, living as a hermit in a cave.

A Roman monk named Romano discovered Benedict and learned of his intention to lead a hermit’s life. Romano,

Read More