Saint Augustine: Life, Philosophy, and Faith

Saint Augustine: Life and Historical Context

Saint Augustine (354-430 AD) lived during a difficult time. Originally from Numidia in North Africa, he experienced the social upheavals characteristic of the fall of the Roman Empire, which must have been a significant human and transcendental experience. The Empire had adopted Christianity as its official religion in 380 AD. Augustine’s reflections, therefore, were based on his observations, interpreting and making sense of the facts. At the time, followers

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Saint Augustine’s Theory of Illumination

Wisdom and Enlightenment

The concepts of “wisdom and enlightenment” are central to Saint Augustine’s Theory of Knowledge. This theory aimed at creating a *paideia*, a system of education and training for Christian citizens. This education was driven by the pursuit of truth, ultimately leading to happiness. Augustine believed that knowledge progresses through varying degrees to reach absolute truth and wisdom, which is God.

Degrees of Knowledge

  • Sensation/Feeling: This is the first grade of the spirit
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Understanding the Bible: Origins, Structure, and Key Concepts

The Bible: An Introduction

The Bible is a collection of books on varied topics. They are united by the theme of God’s love for humanity. It originates from the experiences of people who felt loved by God. This process involves:

  • Experiencing God’s intervention in life and history.
  • Reflecting on these experiences and expressing faith in God.
  • Sharing these important experiences as gifts from God.
  • Writing down this faith to preserve the experience.

Old and New Testaments

Old Testament: 46 books, collecting

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St. Augustine’s Philosophy: Theology, Anthropology, and History

St. Augustine of Hippo: A Synthesis of Philosophy and Faith

St. Augustine was a pivotal philosopher of the Middle Ages, whose introduction of Christian ideas profoundly reshaped the prevailing modes of thought.

Key Concepts in Medieval Thought

Four central ideas stand out in the medieval mindset, all significantly influenced by St. Augustine:

  • Monotheism: The belief in a single, creator God. This concept of creation contrasts with the idea of an eternal universe. Creation from nothing underscores divine
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Key Figures and Concepts in Christian Theology

Communicatio Idiomatum

St. Augustine: The philosophy for Augustine was the love and effort of the whole soul toward wisdom and truth. Truth, for Augustine, was the supreme ideal to which he was passionately devoted. This truth refers to the soul and God, the two objects of philosophical concern.

Original Sin

  1. What is original sin? It is the offense committed against God by the first human couple. That sin was the source of others and created the situation of sin into which all men are born.
  2. How did it
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Natural vs. Revealed Religion: A Rousseau Perspective

Natural and Revealed Religion: Criticism of Fanaticism

Natural religion and revealed religion (or positive religion) arose in response to the mechanistic worldview of the time. Proponents felt God had been excluded from explanations of the universe, becoming an unnecessary concept. Natural religion excludes elements that create diverse creeds, focusing on reinterpreting the concept of God.

Positive religions are the various religions practiced worldwide by many faithful. Examples include Catholicism,

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