Cognitive Learning and Human Behavior
Cognitive Learning: An Active Process
Cognitive learning is an active process by which an individual modifies their behavior, giving a personal meaning to what is learned. Cognitive psychology is a school of psychology that deals with the study of cognition, i.e., the mental processes involved in knowledge. Its object of study includes the basic mechanisms whereby knowledge is drawn from perception, memory, and learning, until the formation of concepts and logical reasoning.
Human Memory
Human memory
Read MorePeak Performance in Sports: Mental Strategies for Athletes
Chapter 9: Psychological Characteristics of Peak Performance
- Total immersion in the activity
- Thoughts focused on the present moment, not distractible
- Feeling in complete control
- Time/space disorientation (usually slowed down)
- Feeling that performance was automatic and effortless, being on “autopilot”
- Control over emotion, thoughts, and arousal
- Highly self-confident, loss of fear—no fear of failure
- Physically and mentally relaxed
- Limited or no recall of the event
- Highly energized
- Fun, enjoyable, and rewarding
Flow
Read MoreKey Psychological Theories in Education and Child Development
Psychological Theories in Education
Humanist Theory
Empirical Learning Theories
Carl Rogers created a climate conducive to educational focus, in order to take over itself, creating positive attitudes to integrate better in all areas and strata, get greater tolerance for unpleasant and frustrating situations, and achieve better overall adaptation. Rogers distinguished two types of learning:
- Rote Learning (traditional education, cognitive or empty)
- Existential Learning (true learning, experiential or important)
Understanding the Human Mind: From Psychoanalysis to Cognitivism
Notion of Psychology: Definition and Etymology
It is of Greek origin, derived from the nouns Psyche (soul) and Logos (reason, science). Psychology is the science whose object of study is the soul.
Conceptual Definition
The science that studies the mind and the importance of psychosocial processes in activity. Today, psychology has experienced significant development. It is a science that studies humans and finds applications in any field of human activity. The history of psychology stretches back to
Read MoreSocialization: Understanding the Process and Impact
Understanding Socialization Processes
What is Socialization?
Socialization refers to the processes by which individuals in a community assimilate social learning models and make them their own. This process shapes us into who we are and, paradoxically, allows us to develop autonomy, unique ideas, and opinions. It is through learning and education that we build our personality.
From this definition, we can extract the basic elements of the process:
- Stages
- Mechanisms
- Agents of socialization
Stages of Socialization
There
Read MoreCultural Influences on Psychology: Research Methods, Ethics, Communication, and Mental Health
Topic 1: Issues in Cross-Cultural Research
Cross-cultural research identifies cultural similarities and differences. It compares psychological variables between cultural groups.
Bias and Equivalence
- Bias: Differences that do not have exactly the same meaning within and across cultures.
- Equivalence: Similarity in conceptual meaning and empirical method between cultures.
Types of Bias
- Measurement Bias: A measure is consistent and accurately measures what it intends to.
- Construct Bias: The concept being measured