Navigating Organizational Change and Employee Attitudes
Planned vs. Unplanned Change
- Planned Change: Occurs when a change in an organization is anticipated, allowing for advance preparation.
- Unplanned Change: The impact on the organization cannot be anticipated, and specific preparations cannot be made.
Causes for Change
- Relationships with customers
- Relationships with suppliers
- Relationships with employees
- Changes in technology
- Changes in market forces
- Changes in politics and laws
- Internal Forces:
- Top-down direction
- Bottom-up direction
Resistance to Change
- Self-Interest:
Understanding Genetics, Socioeconomic Status, and Child Development
Dominant-Recessive Inheritance
Dominant-Recessive: RR and Rr are both expressed as dominant, but rr is expressed as recessive — Dimples
Incomplete Dominance
Incomplete Dominance: RR expressed as red, rr expressed as white, and Rr expressed as pink — Sickle cell
X-Linked Inheritance
X-Linked Inheritance: The X chromosome holds much more information than the Y. X-linked inheritance is when an illness/disorder is passed down through the gametes (the mother) — Color blindness
Polygenic Inheritance
Polygenic
Read MoreUnderstanding Motivation: Types, Factors, and Strategies
Understanding Motivation: Key Questions and Answers
1. What is the motivation?
R = It explains the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior, especially one that is oriented toward specific goals.
2. What elements did behaviorists use to explain motivation?
R = External stimuli and reinforcement through punishment and rewards or incentives.
3. How do you explain humanistic motivation?
R = It emphasizes the whole person in their needs, freedom, self-esteem, sense of competence, capacity
Read MoreUnderstanding Affective Processes: Emotions, Feelings, and Passions
Affective Processes
Emotion
It is a state of great excitement, manifesting complex behavior patterns, which may or may not be oriented towards a goal. Affective states are derived from the perception of past experiences and are not involved in mental activity. These states are intense, short-lived, and often linked to a shock.
Feeling
Feelings can be pleasant or unpleasant, are less intense than emotions, and are linked to intellectual processes. They are individual and of longer duration.
Passion
Passion
Read MoreBrain Decoding, Attention, and Neural Plasticity Insights
Brain Decoding and Machine Learning
The Decoding Approach is a method using machine learning to interpret neural signals, revealing what information the brain processes. Attention increases neural responses to attended objects, enhancing object recognition.
Attention’s Impact on Visual Processing
In V1, attention modulates early visual processing by enhancing neural responses to attended stimuli.
Support Vector Machine (SVM) Explained
The Support Vector Machine (SVM) finds a linear decision boundary
Read MoreEffective Communication and Human Relations in the Workplace
Item 7: Communication in the Workplace
1. What Kinds of Communication Exist in a Joint Function of the Net Used?
- Formal Communication: Results from the formal organizational structure of the company and is subject to certain rules, procedures, and channels.
- Informal Communication: Not set intentionally, if it is raised around the social relations of the members.
2. Types of Formal Communication Networks
- Chain: Communication flows vertically from top-down or bottom-up.
- Star: Represents a supervisor responsible