Social Inequality, Deviance, and Social Control

Inequality and Its Dimensions

Inequality manifests in two primary forms:

  • Inequality of conditions: This refers to the unequal distribution of income, wealth, and material goods, such as housing. Examples include the stark contrast between adequate housing and homelessness.
  • Inequality of opportunities: This involves the unequal distribution of life chances, including access to education, healthcare, and fair treatment by the criminal justice system.

We study inequality as a problem with three dimensions:

Read More

Bureaucrats vs Technocrats: Roles, Power, and Organizational Impact

We can distinguish two types of relatively distinct administrative staff: the bureaucrats and technocrats. The basic difference between these two is that technocrats, unlike bureaucrats, are specialists in a particular subject. These two have a different orientation when facing work within the organization.

Bureaucrats: Characteristics and Behavior

The bureaucrat is characterized by legal training, to develop tasks that have to do with the internal rules of operation. This move towards compliance

Read More

Thurstone’s 7 Primary Mental Abilities: A Deep Dive

Thurstone’s Theory of 7 Primary Mental Abilities, which emerged in the 1920s, is one of the most important psychological models of intelligence in existence. Louis Leon Thurstone (1887-1955) is considered one of the most influential authors in the field of psychometry. His main contribution is his theory of the 7 primary mental abilities, which opposed the unitary and hierarchical models of intelligence proposed by other pioneers such as Charles Spearman or P. E. Vernon.

Thurstone denied the existence

Read More

Altered States of Consciousness, Learning, and Memory

Altered States of Consciousness

The characteristics of altered states of consciousness include the following changes:

  • Confused temporal sense
  • Uncontrolled thinking
  • Changes in emotional expression
  • Changes in body image
  • Distortions or reversals in perspective
  • Changes in meaning

Altered states can be triggered in different ways, from overstimulation to sleep stimulus. The disappearance of all four stages of sleep is called NREM sleep. After having gone through the four levels, our sleep becomes lighter, and

Read More

Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory: Unconscious, Personality, and Development

Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory

Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalytic theory in the early 1900s. He argued that conscious experience is just a small part of our psychological makeup and experience, and that much of our behavior is motivated by the unconscious, a part of the personality that contains the memories, knowledge, and instincts of which the individual is not aware. The contents of the unconscious far surpass in quantity the information in our conscious awareness. For Freud, much of our personality

Read More

Sensory Perception and Memory: A Deep Dive

Pinilla: A Worldview Beyond Our Own

Our worldview is not the only one, nor is it necessarily the best. The view of birds is more accurate; they have a panoramic vision of the world. Animals’ globalization is different.

Tegelen: Light Perception in Ticks

Ticks can see light through your foot. If they don’t have eyes, what allows them to go up and then drop onto their food? They can capture it because of its smell. They can only sniff mammals, and they go around their prey because of their perception

Read More