Weber’s Bureaucracy: Rationalization, Morality, and the Aston Studies

Representational modernism consisted of sketching a singular set of empirical tendencies imagined to be irresistible and inevitable. These were the famous ‘rationalization’ of the world, the success of which would be attributed to bureaucracy as the primary mechanism of its achievement.

Its outcome was to be our imprisonment in the house of bondage – the iron cage of bureaucracy.

From Weber’s modernist vision of the world, it is, in many respects, a bleak and pessimistic vision, leavened only by

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Brain Structure, Functions, and Neurotransmitters

Brain Structure and Function

Forebrain (Prosencephalon)

Diencephalon

Functions: Directing sense impulses throughout the body, autonomic function control, endocrine function control, motor function control, homeostasis, and perception of hearing, vision, smell, taste, and touch.

Main structures: Hypothalamus, Thalamus, Epithalamus, Subthalamus.

Telencephalon (Cerebrum)

Functions: Determining intelligence and personality, thinking, perceiving, producing and understanding language, interpretation of sensory

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Key Sociological Perspectives and Theorists

Auguste Comte

Auguste Comte coined the term “Sociology.” He created the classification of the three stages: Theological, Metaphysical, and Positive. He believed that sociology should contribute to the welfare of mankind.

Emile Durkheim

Emile Durkheim starts the history of sociology as we understand it today. He discusses issues such as Group Solidarity, Social Order, Crisis of Beliefs, and Anomie. He posited that society is more than the sum of individuals; it has its own entity.

Social Facts: These

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Understanding Human Memory: Processes and Systems

Understanding Human Memory

Memory is the ability to acquire, store, and retrieve information. It has three basic functions: collecting new information, keeping that information organized to have meaning, and retrieving it when needed.

Memory Phases

Memory consists of three phases:

  • Consolidation: The transformation of stimuli into a mental representation.
  • Storage: Retaining data in memory for later use.
  • Recovery: Accessing information stored in memory.

Memory Systems

Sensory Memory (SM)

Sensory memory logs

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Understanding Human Needs: Physiological and Psychological

Understanding Human Needs

Needs are a primary and indispensable condition for life, development, and welfare.

Psychological Needs

Psychological needs are innate organic needs that a person inherits.

Acquired Psychological Needs

Acquired psychological needs within each individual reflect their life experience.

Sequence Model: Need-Drive

  1. Edo. satiation
  2. Developing physiological deprivation
  3. Prolonged deprivation causes physiological need
  4. Need arises and intensifies drive
  5. Occurrence of behavior motivation to satisfy
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Discussion Group Technique in Social Research

Both social psychology and sociology utilize groups. The technique was quickly disseminated by psychotherapy in the 1930s and 40s, and by the 1950s, it was very popular in the field of market research (as seen in “The Focused Interview” by Merton, Fiske, and Kendall).
Subsequently, it has been introduced in other areas, such as the evaluation and implementation of social programs, and even in the application of quantitative techniques like surveys (questionnaire design).
In social work, there

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