Understanding Disabilities: Visual, Intellectual, Chronic Pain & Learning
Visual Impairment
Visual impairment affects various aspects of vision, including acuity, field of vision, color perception, and binocular function. It can range from mild vision loss to complete blindness.
Degrees of Vision Loss
- Visual Acuity 20/70 to 20/200: Indicates moderate to severe vision loss.
- Legal Blindness: Defined as 20/200 vision in the best eye with correction or a visual field of less than 20 degrees (normal range is 140-160 degrees).
Common Causes of Vision Loss
- Diabetic Retinopathy: Leading
The Impact of Divorce on Children: A Comprehensive Analysis
The Impact of Divorce on Children
Understanding the Emotional Toll
Divorce is a challenging experience for everyone involved, but it can be particularly difficult for children. When parents divorce, children often feel a range of emotions, including sadness, anger, confusion, and fear. They may struggle to understand why their family is changing and worry about their future.
The Child’s Perspective
Children are not always acknowledged during the divorce process, which can lead to problems with their
Read MoreJob Design, Recruitment & Selection: A Comprehensive Guide
Job Design & Redesign
Job design involves creating efficient and satisfying roles to optimize tasks for efficiency, employee satisfaction, safety, and organizational effectiveness. It focuses on individuals and how they can best perform tasks, aiming to motivate employees and create a positive work environment. Redesign modifies existing roles to enhance efficiency, employee satisfaction, and overall fit.
Key Theories & Models
- Hawthorne Studies: Demonstrated the impact of observation on productivity,
Contributions of Behaviorism, Psychoanalysis, and Ethology to Child Psychology
Contributions of Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis to Child Study
In the history of child psychology, several pioneering and influential figures have emerged, including Watson and behaviorism, and Freud and psychoanalysis.
Behaviorism emphasizes the influence of the environment on child development. It opened two fields of research: learning and child development. Watson introduced the use of extensive experimentation in child study. Psychoanalysis, on the other hand, highlights the importance of childhood
Read MoreAttachment, Development, and Parenting: A Comprehensive Guide
Understanding Attachment: Harry Harlow and John Bowlby
Harry Harlow’s Attachment Research
Harry Harlow’s groundbreaking research with monkeys revealed the importance of contact comfort in mother-child bonding. He found that infant monkeys preferred a soft, comforting surrogate mother over a wire mother that provided food, highlighting the significance of physical touch and emotional connection.
John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory
John Bowlby proposed four stages of attachment formation:
- Preattachment (0-
Quantitative Data Collection Methods in Second Language Research
Quantitative Data Collection (Dörnyei)
Sample, Population, and Representativeness
Sample: A group of participants that the researcher examines in an investigation.
Population: The group of people whom the study is about.
Representative: A sample (subset) that accurately reflects the characteristics of the whole population.
Sampling Procedures
Probability Samples
Random Sampling: Selecting members of the population to be included in the sample on a random basis.
Stratified Random Sampling: Dividing the
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