Understanding Politeness Strategies and Categorization in Linguistics
1. Face
Face is the public self-image that every person tries to protect.
Brown and Levinson defined positive face in two ways: as “the want of every member that his wants be desirable to at least some others executors”, or alternatively, “the positive consistent self-image or personality.”
A distinction is made between negative face, a person’s need to have freedom of action, and positive face, a person’s need to be treated as an equal or insider. Any act that puts face wants at risk is a face-threatening
Read MoreStress Management and Leadership: A Guide for Effective Management
Stress Management
What is Stress?
Stress is the sum of physical and mental responses to an inability to distinguish between real experiences and personal expectations. It can manifest in two forms:
- Chronic Stress
- Organic Stress
Stress can be triggered by anxiety, depression, sudden life changes, and exposure to challenging environments. These factors can lead to feelings of anguish and discomfort.
Symptoms of Stress
Stress can manifest in various physical and emotional symptoms, including:
- Headaches
- Heart
ECHE1300 Health and Wellbeing Lecture Notes
Lecture 1 – Definitions and Approaches
- Health: state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing – not merely absence of disease or infirmity
- Wellbeing: positive state of mind and body; feeling healthy and happy
- Dimensions of Health:
- Physical
- Mental
- Emotional
- Social & Spiritual
- Factors of Health:
- Social & Economic Environmental
- E.g. socioeconomic status, relationship quality – ‘Wealthier are healthier’
- Education, access to health resources, housing
Lecture 3 – Wellbeing
- Determinants of Wellbeing:
Methods of Influence and Leadership in Nursing
Methods to Influence Behavior
We can classify different actions to exert influence based on two variables. The first variable refers to direct or indirect influence, and the second refers to the ethical issue, namely whether that influence benefits an individual, a group, or is detrimental to the goal.
Methods of Influence
- Emulation: Imitating the behavior of other people in our environment is common and one of the most frequent forms of learning. In this sense, the role of the nurse as a reference
Communication Theory: Key Concepts and Models
Elements of the Transactional Communication Model
Environment: fields of experience that help make sense of others’ behavior. Sender: one trying to get message across. Receiver: the one getting message. Noise: prevents message from being sent (types: external, physiological, psychological). Message: what’s being communicated. Channel: the medium where messages are exchanged.
Insights from the Transactional Communication Model
1. Sending and receiving are usually simultaneous (Since both people
Read MoreUnderstanding and Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric illness that affects many individuals worldwide. It is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors or mental acts. People with OCD often experience intense anxiety or distress due to their obsessions, which can range from fears of contamination to concerns about order or symmetry. Historically, OCD was considered untreatable. However, research has shown that different therapies can help alleviate symptoms.