Understanding Eating Disorders and Memory: Key Concepts
Unit 4: Understanding Eating Disorders
Eating disorders are not lifestyle choices but illnesses that cause disturbances in a person’s eating behaviors. Anorexia, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder are types of eating disorders.
What Causes Eating Disorders?
Many people with eating disorders suffer from low self-esteem, feelings of helplessness, and intense dissatisfaction with their appearance. Specific traits are linked to each disorder. For instance, people with anorexia tend to be perfectionistic,
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Phobic Disorders
Phobic disorders are characterized by a persistent and irrational fear of objects, activities, or situations. This fear causes the individual to avoid these stimuli, despite recognizing that the fear is excessive or unreasonable.
- Agoraphobia: The most serious phobia, where individuals are unable to leave home or stay in unfamiliar places.
- Social Phobia: An irrational fear of situations where one can be observed by others.
- Simple Phobia: An irrational fear of a specific object or situation,
Understanding Human Learning: Theories and Models
Pavlova – Learning Defined
Learning is a process of permanent acquisition of behavioral trends in response to certain stimuli or situations. Michael L. Ray defines learning as a change in individual behavior that comes from experience or practice. From these definitions, one can conclude that learning involves connections between stimuli and responses, hence the model name stimulus/response.
Learning is possibly one of the most important behavioral processes for humans. It can be affirmed that virtually
Read MoreUnderstanding Learning Disabilities: History and Approaches
Understanding Learning Disabilities: Historical Perspectives and Approaches
Early Diagnosis of Reading Errors
Monroe pioneered the systematic diagnosis of reading errors in children. Her diagnostic tests are still in use today.
Perceptual-Motor Processes and Learning
Marianne Frostig emphasized the importance of visual perception in learning. Her development test of visual perception assessed visual-motor coordination, figure-ground discrimination, shape recognition, and spatial positioning. Her program
Read MorePsychology Fundamentals: Theories, Methods, and Concepts
Chapter 1 – Introduction to Psychology
Roots of Psychology
Psyche + Logos: The term “psychology” comes from Greek, where “psyche” means soul or spirit, and “logos” refers to study or discourse. Early psychology focused on understanding the essence of human experience.
Study of breath, spirit, soul: In its earliest form, psychology was deeply connected to philosophy and spirituality, attempting to explain human consciousness and existence.
Philosophy + Physiology: The foundation of psychology emerged
National Crime Victimization Survey: Analysis and Trends
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) began in 1972 as an attempt to gather information about crimes not reported to the police, including rape, robbery, assault, burglary, theft, and motor-vehicle theft.
Unlike data derived from police reports, NCVS data comes from survey interviews.
The survey includes questions about both victims and offenders (race, age, educational level), as well as questions about the actual crime: time, place, weapons used,
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