Measurement of Concrete Works in Chilean Construction
Measurement of Concrete Works
General
1 Measurement by Volume
Concrete works are measured by volume, excluding the space occupied by steel trusses and pipes embedded within them, with a diameter or transverse dimension not exceeding 0.25 m.
2 Measurement of Plain and Reinforced Concrete Elements
Regardless of the dimensions and shapes of plain or reinforced concrete elements, measurement is done by volume, except for glazed rib tiles that form ceilings and foundation slabs (Radierer).
3 Deductions for
Read MoreFingerprint Identification: A Comprehensive Guide
Basic Definitions
Recognize
The mental process by which an individual associates a symbol with a meaning and vice versa.
Identify
Action and effect to identify. The process by which the characteristics of a person, animal, thing, or event are evaluated to distinguish it from others.
Individual
A procedure in which an item is different from others of their own gender. That is, unique in the universe.
Types of Individual Identification
- Civil Identification: Birth Certificate, Passport.
- Police Identification:
New Criticism: A Methodical Approach to Literary Interpretation
New Criticism
Close Reading and Evidence from the Text
New Criticism emphasizes close reading, relying on evidence from the text itself. This method of interpretation has significantly influenced English classes over the years. By understanding these methods, students can better evaluate them.
Critical Theory: Thinking About Thinking
Critical theory encourages us to think about thinking. Before the emergence of New Criticism, literature often focused on historical context. New Critics challenged this
Read MoreMental States, Imagery, and Linguistic Devices: A Comprehensive Overview
Mental States and Imagery
Mental states can be represented in ways analogous to expressions of natural languages or visual mediums like drawings, paintings, maps, photographs, or movies. Perceptual states, such as seeing that something is blue, are sometimes considered hybrid states, potentially composed of a non-conceptual sensory experience and a belief, or a more integrated combination of conceptual and non-conceptual elements.
Imagery in Philosophy and Psychology
While imagery has historically
Read MoreHeat Transfer Mechanisms: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
Heat Transfer Mechanisms
Heat Conduction
Heat conduction is a mechanism of energy transfer between two systems linked through the exchange of kinetic energy between their constituent particles, such as molecules, atoms, ions, or free electrons, produced by direct contact. Therefore, heat conduction requires a material medium for transfer. In fluids, heat transfer is closely related to fluid movement. This movement significantly influences the heat transfer process and combines with other mechanisms,
Read MoreArchimedes’ Principle and Surface Tension
Archimedes’ Principle
Archimedes lived from 287 -212 BCE. Among his most notable findings is the principle of buoyancy of a body, known today as Archimedes’ principle. This principle states that a body, whether partially or completely submerged within a fluid, experiences an upward force called buoyant force, or simply thrust, whose magnitude is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.
It is important not to confuse the weight of the fluid displaced by the weight of the submerged object.
Archimedes’
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