Understanding English Compound Words: Formation, Classification, and Criteria
Compounding
2.1. Definition and Main Features
What is a Compound?
- A compound is a word formed by combining at least two other words, lexemes, or bases.
- The combination should not follow typical phrasal structures. For example, “well done” and “in time” are phrases, not compounds.
- A compound functions grammatically and semantically as a single word.
- Compounds can be written as one word, two words, or hyphenated.
- In English, compounds typically consist of two bases.
- Compounding generally doesn’t alter the
The Physics of Waves, Sound, Light, and Magnetism
Waves and Sound
Waves
Waves: Disturbances that carry energy. They can travel through solids, liquids, gases, and space.
Two Main Waveforms:
- Mechanical Waves: Require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) to travel.
- Electromagnetic Waves: Do not require a medium; light is an example.
Larger Wave = More Energy: Waves transfer energy, NOT particles. Energy spreads out as the wave travels.
Sound
Sound: A mechanical wave created by vibrations.
Vibrations: The medium is any material that contains particles or molecules.
Read MoreComprehensive Guide to Physics: Motion, Forces, and Energy
Newton’s Laws of Motion
Newton’s First Law
When an unbalanced force with an acceleration of zero acts on an object, it will either remain stationary or move in a straight line at a steady speed.
Newton’s Second Law
When an unbalanced force acts on an object with mass, it causes the object to accelerate.
Momentum
Definition
Momentum is the product of an object’s mass and velocity. An unbalanced force acting on an object causes a change in velocity, thus changing the momentum of the object.
Units: kgms-1
Conservation
Read MoreThe Dual Nature of Light: Waves and Particles
Light: A Wave and a Particle
The Particle Nature of Light
Energy of light is contained in small packets called photons. This explains how light can travel through the vacuum of space and the phenomenon known as the Photoelectric Effect.
The Photoelectric Effect describes how light shining on a metal plate can give electrons enough energy to escape. Bright light has more energy than dim light, but interestingly, dim blue light can dislodge electrons while bright red light cannot.
- Low-frequency light
Essential Physics Equations and Formulas
Physics Equations & Formulas
Physics is filled with equations and formulas that deal with angular motion, Carnot engines, fluids, forces, moments of inertia, linear motion, simple harmonic motion, thermodynamics, and work & energy.
Here’s a list of some important physics formulas and equations to keep on hand — arranged by topic — so you don’t have to go searching to find them.
Angular Motion
Equations of angular motion are relevant wherever you have rotational motions around an axis. When
Read MoreNASA Explorer Program Missions
Name(s)
Launch Date
Mission
S 45A
May 25, 1961
Ionosphere research, failed to achieve orbit
EPE-A (S 3, Energetic Particle Explorer-A)
August 16, 1961
Energetic particle research
S 55A
August 25, 1961
Micrometeoroid research
EPE-B (Energetic Particle Explorer-B)
October 2, 1962
Energetic particle research
EPE-C (Energetic Particle Explorer-C)
October 27, 1962
Energetic particle research
S 55B
December 16, 1962
Micrometeoroid research
AE-A (Atmosphere Explorer-A)
April 3, 1963
Atmospheric research