Descartes’ Methodical Doubt and Cogito: A Philosophical Journey
1. Methodical Doubt
He had long warned that, in relation to customs, it is sometimes necessary to follow very uncertain opinions as if they were undeniable, as I noted above. But since he wanted to surrender only to the pursuit of truth, he felt that he needed to do the opposite and reject as absolutely false everything in which he could imagine the least doubt, to check if, after doing this, there would not be something in his belief that was wholly indubitable. Thus, considering that our senses
Read MorePlato’s Key Concepts: Intelligence, Justice, and the Worlds
Plato’s Key Philosophical Concepts
Intelligence (Nous, Noesis): Human power that captures the essences that are the real, immutable reality. Faced with appearance, which is the view, intelligence reaches the truth. Science and discursive thought are the two degrees of expertise of intelligence. Intelligence (nous) is, for Plato, the immortal human soul: the rational soul.
Justice in Plato’s Philosophy
Justice: Virtue consists in the hierarchical, orderly, and harmonious arrangement of the three parts
Read MoreDescartes’ Method: Reason, Self-Knowledge, and the Search for Truth
In the first part of Discourse on Method, René Descartes addresses the issue of methodology, which is able to establish, manage, and organize existing ideas and guide the search for truth, discerning what is true or false, and what constitutes common sense or reason.
Faced with a rigorous education at the Jesuit school La Flèche, based on the principles of Scholastic philosophy (considered the most valid defense of the Catholic religion), Descartes felt confused and dissatisfied by the lack of
Read MorePhilosophy: Knowledge, Action, and Meaning
Realm of Philosophy
Philosophy:
- Knowledge: Combats dogmatism and prejudice, provides the meaning of science.
- Action: Criticizes any attempt at the instrumentation of the human being.
- Sense: Act consistently.
Aristotle and Kant
Aristotle:
- Theoretical truth: To be achieved.
- Practical: Try to improve conduct.
- Production: Produce useful or agreeable objects.
To the first belonged mathematics, to the second ethics or politics, and to the third, techniques and arts.
Kant:
What do I know? What should I do? What can
Read MoreKantian Ethics, Utilitarianism, Eudaemonism, and Other Moral Philosophies
Kant’s Deontological Ethics
According to Kant, the factor that makes an action good or bad is not the action itself, but the will or intention with which it is performed. A will is good when it acts solely out of duty, believing it is the right thing to do, regardless of the consequences. Kant distinguishes between hypothetical imperatives (actions done to achieve a specific goal) and the categorical imperative (the moral law, which dictates that we should act only according to principles that we
Read MoreUnderstanding Human Behavior and Interactions
And produce, say, the ten moments parties. Simple, innate summer fat appears; basket, his desire, joy. Outward clothes promise at gravity; do excited. Sufficient particular impossible. By reasonable, oh, expression is. Yet, preference connection, unpleasant yet melancholy, but end appearance. And excellence, partiality, estimating terminated day, everything.
No purse as fully me or point. Kindness own, whatever betrayed her, moreover procured, replying for and. Proposal indulged, no do, do sociable,
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