Nietzsche: Philosophy, Science, Morality, and Superman
Nietzsche’s Radical Critique of Western Culture
Nietzsche made the most radical critique ever carried out against European culture. His work, which can be seen as “dynamite,” primarily targets the philosophy, science, and morality of the West.
Critique of Philosophy
Nietzsche’s critique stems from the conviction that reality, in its most profound being, is constantly changing, as Heraclitus believed. Reality is becoming; it appears differently to us at every moment. The deepest reality is not eternal
Read MoreNietzsche’s Superman and the Transmutation of Values
Transmutation of Values
The Superman must exercise their will to power and has undertaken the task of transmuting values. The Superman has to break with the old anti-vital values. The Superman is the value of the present, the here and now. Because God is dead, only the physical and material remain. The will to power is the desire to express life. The values of Christianity are, for Nietzsche, the values of the weak, the slaves. Nietzsche is opposed to the value of equality because we all try to be
Read MoreUnderstanding Human Nature: From Myth to Reason
Humanity’s first attempts to explain the origins of human nature were irrational, relying on magic and myth. Magic sought a theoretical justification for practical problems. It employed rituals, spells, and gestures to dominate the supernatural forces governing nature, relying on hidden knowledge accessible only to certain privileged individuals. The basis of magic is a belief in animism.
Myth, on the other hand, is a sacred narrative or symbolic legend that recounts important events concerning natural
Nietzsche: Unmasking Traditional Thought and Values
Analysis of Nietzsche’s Philosophy
Nietzsche (N.) aims to break with the Western philosophical tradition, seeking new ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. To emphasize this break, he takes a critical tone. His philosophy is a genealogy, trying to find the source of the error—first, metaphysics. He uncovers the past and hidden impulses that move man to act. So, Nietzsche’s philosophy can be understood as an unmasking. The ultimate goal of his thought is the critique of reason, understood as
Read MoreShareholder Meetings: Quorum, Attendance & SA vs. SL
Minimum Number of Shareholders for a Valid Board Meeting
The minimum number of shareholders required for a validly constituted board meeting varies depending on the type of topics to be addressed:
Quorum for Ordinary Matters
For ordinary matters, the standard quorum requirements apply:
- First Call: At least 25% of the share capital with voting rights must be present or represented.
- Second Call: If the 25% quorum is reached on the first call, a second call can be made (at least 24 hours later). On the
Understanding Death: Philosophical Perspectives and Human Experience
The Question of Death
Death is defined by its relationship to life. It’s usually understood as the end of life, the cessation of living activities. This is a negative definition, and it depends on how we understand life itself.
The Biological Concept of Life
There is no single, clear definition of life, as it is a complex phenomenon. Monod, from a philosophical point of view, defined living beings as objects endowed with a project and having teleonomy (from the Greek telos, meaning ‘order,’ and nomos,
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