Ortega y Gasset: Philosophy, History, and Vital Reason
Ortega’s Historical Context
The historical context in which the Spanish thinker’s thought arises is marked internationally by:
- The two World Wars (1914-1918 and 1939-1945), wars that forced human beings to confront their lack of rationality and capacity for barbarism in managing and resolving conflicts.
- The Russian Revolution (1917).
- The rise of Italian Fascism under Mussolini.
- National Socialism under Hitler in Germany.
- Stalinist Soviet totalitarianism.
Ortega criticized these forms of power consolidation
Read MoreOrtega’s Ratiovitalism: Vital Reason, Life, and Circumstance
Understanding Ratiovitalism: Ortega’s Vital Reason
Ratiovitalism is the doctrine of vital reason. It stands somewhere between rationalism and vitalism. Life involves reasoning about the circumstances in which we live. Therefore, reason must always be linked to life.
Knowledge, Thought, and Historical Reason
Ortega distinguishes between thinking (the attitude by which humans give meaning to their circumstances) and knowledge (an activity of thought aimed at giving meaning to the world).
He criticizes
Read MoreUnderstanding Anomalies in Interleaved Execution
Anomalies Due to Interleaved Execution
Two actions on the same data object conflict if at least one of them is a write.
Common Anomalies
- Reading Uncommitted Data (WR Conflicts)
- Unrepeatable Reads (RW Conflicts)
- Overwriting Uncommitted Data (WW Conflicts)
Anomalies Due to Interleaved Execution
Two actions on the same data object conflict if at least one of them is a write.
1.Reading Uncommitted Data (WR Conflicts)
2.Unrepeatable Reads (RW Conflicts)
3.Overwriting Uncommitted Data (WW Conflicts)
Anomalies Due
Read MoreUnderstanding Specialty Risk: Hazards, Incidents, and Accident Prevention
Understanding Specialty Risk: Key Concepts
Fundamental Concepts of Specialty Risk: The probability that an activity or condition will result in a particular loss.
Key Definitions
- Hazard: Any condition or habit that can be expected with reasonable certainty to cause physical harm.
- Incident: An undesired event that could damage or impair the efficiency of an operation.
- Accident: An undesired event that results in physical harm (injury or illness) to a person, or damage to property.
- Quasi-Accident: An undesired
Core Philosophical Ideas: Marxism, Nihilism, Platonism, Rationalism
Marxism and Communism
Marx envisioned a new social order called communism. This new social order aims to move beyond capitalism, allowing its contradictions to emerge and generate its negation. Communism represents a stateless society, without classes and without private property, where humanity will ultimately be free from these contradictions. A challenge noted in practice is that the transition envisioned, the dictatorship of the proletariat resulting from the cessation of class struggle, has
Read MoreDescartes’ Philosophy: Reason, Method, and Existence
Descartes’ Philosophical Journey
He received a scholastic education, educated by the Jesuits. He lived during the scientific revolution and against Galilean processes, including the Thirty Years’ War.
The Central Questions of Modernity
The problems of knowledge, its source, and veracity are central questions of modernity. Man took refuge in that which is universal and offers some security: reason. Descartes opens a new phase in the seventeenth century called rationalism. The rationalists reject realism
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