Understanding Specialty Risk: Hazards, Incidents, and Accident Prevention

Understanding Specialty Risk: Key Concepts

Fundamental Concepts of Specialty Risk: The probability that an activity or condition will result in a particular loss.

Key Definitions

  • Hazard: Any condition or habit that can be expected with reasonable certainty to cause physical harm.
  • Incident: An undesired event that could damage or impair the efficiency of an operation.
  • Accident: An undesired event that results in physical harm (injury or illness) to a person, or damage to property.
  • Quasi-Accident: An undesired
Read More

Core Philosophical Ideas: Marxism, Nihilism, Platonism, Rationalism

Marxism and Communism

Marx envisioned a new social order called communism. This new social order aims to move beyond capitalism, allowing its contradictions to emerge and generate its negation. Communism represents a stateless society, without classes and without private property, where humanity will ultimately be free from these contradictions. A challenge noted in practice is that the transition envisioned, the dictatorship of the proletariat resulting from the cessation of class struggle, has

Read More

Descartes’ Philosophy: Reason, Method, and Existence

Descartes’ Philosophical Journey

He received a scholastic education, educated by the Jesuits. He lived during the scientific revolution and against Galilean processes, including the Thirty Years’ War.

The Central Questions of Modernity

The problems of knowledge, its source, and veracity are central questions of modernity. Man took refuge in that which is universal and offers some security: reason. Descartes opens a new phase in the seventeenth century called rationalism. The rationalists reject realism

Read More

Understanding Dualism: Mind-Body Theories and Philosophies

Understanding Dualism: Mind and Body

Dualist Theory: The human being cannot be reduced to either the mind or the body alone; it is composed of two components: “mind” and “brain” or “soul” and “body.”

Platonic Dualism

According to Platonic dualism, the human beings we see in this world are composed of body and soul, but this union is a simple accident. In reality, the soul is immaterial and immortal and existed before joining the body, so the true human being *is* its soul. Separated from the body,

Read More

Understanding Obedience: Miller, Huemer, and Political Authority

Understanding Obedience: Miller and Huemer’s Perspectives

While Miller focuses on why the state is necessary for society to function well, Huemer is more interested in understanding why people actually obey political authority in the first place. He argues that our obedience often comes from psychological and social habits rather than clear, rational thinking. Through things like national symbols, voting rituals, and public ceremonies, people are raised to see the state as something natural and trustworthy.

Read More

David Hume: Empiricism, Knowledge, and Causality

Hume’s Theory of Perceptions: Impressions and Ideas

David Hume categorizes perceptions (any mental content) into two types. Firstly, impressions are the direct feelings or sensations that occur because of a phenomenon; they come from our external senses. Secondly, we find ideas, which are internal representations within our mind, essentially thoughts. The primary difference between them lies in their degree of force and vivacity; impressions are stronger and more vivid than ideas.

According to Hume,

Read More