Ethical Theories: A Comprehensive Classification
An ethical theory is a philosophical theory that attempts to establish a basis for morality. You can classify ethical theories according to different criteria:
- Ethical Self: Individuals who follow their own rules and values, not subject to anything external.
- Ethical Heteronomous: Individuals who consider their standards and values to be derived from external elements.
- Ethical Materials: Theories that provide moral content, telling us what we must do to act appropriately.
- Formal Ethics: Theories that
José Ortega y Gasset: Philosophy of Life and Historical Context
José Ortega y Gasset: Life as the Ultimate Reality
Life is the ultimate reality. The individual life of any person is going to be the radical data from which we will build philosophy. We feel that we are real, that we live, that with which we interact, but nothing is more immediate and obvious than our life. Life is not only immediate and obvious, such as thinking, but, far from being intentionally or abstract representation, it is an executive interaction, dynamic, concrete, and real with things
Read MoreFrom Myth to Logos: Ancient Greek Philosophers and Their Ideas
From Myth to Logos: The First Concepts
Homer (8th century BC) is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey. Hesiod (8th-7th century BC) is the author of Theogony, Works and Days, and The Shield of Heracles.
Physis (Nature)
The set of all things in the universe (except human productions). Nature is understood as a power (a kind of cosmic energy) that produces and destroys everything that exists.
- Principle: It starts all natural things.
- Source: Things come from it.
- Cause: Nature produces things.
- End: All things
Citizenship: From Ancient Greece to Modern Rights
Citizenship: Definition and Core Traits
- Membership of a political community—a country that sits in a manner in a specific area.
- The effective enjoyment of rights which should be protected by the city or the state, among them includes the ability to participate in the work of government, policy, community property, either directly or indirectly.
Citizenship in Ancient Greco-Roman Times
The term comes from the Latin civis (citizen), a word that shares a root with civitas (city).
- In Roman law, the term
Philosophy and Science: From Ancient Greece to Modernity
The Questions
Philosophy and science came to light in Greece around the sixth century BC, a place and a time characterized by political liberty, the seed of democracy, and, therefore, freedom of expression and thought.
Cosmological Stage
In its first stage, the focus of research was the universe, nature, physis, considered as a great living organism, within which changes occur, not a supernatural and cosmic order governed by a constant and regular human reason that must be discovered and translated
Read MoreInterpersonal Communication and Personal Growth: A Christian Perspective
Interpersonal Communication and Personal Growth
“The main barrier to interpersonal communication is our tendency to judge others, to approve or disapprove of what the other person says” (Carl Rogers).
Attitudes for Effective Interpersonal Communication
Conversely, four basic attitudes contribute to effective interpersonal communication, such as good group work:
- Look with sympathy at each of the members of the group.
- Think of others as well as, at least, like yourself.
- Look at yourself with pleasure.
- Take