Empiricism in Psychology: Locke, Berkeley, and Hume

The Origins of Psychological Empiricism

According to Miguel, good philosophical realism in modern times seeks to shape the theory of reality based on science and is based on psychologistic experience.

Scientific Origins of Psychological Empiricism

In 17th-century England, psychological research experienced a significant boost. Its purpose was to investigate the human soul. One of the results of this research was the psychological analysis of experience, which led to the conclusion that reality is made

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René Descartes: Life, Philosophy, and the Pursuit of Knowledge

René Descartes: Life and Philosophical Contributions

René Descartes, born in 1596 in La Haye en Touraine (now Descartes), France, entered a wealthy family. As a child, he was admitted to the Jesuit College of La Flèche, where he completed his studies. After earning a bachelor’s degree in law from the University of Poitiers, he later enlisted in armies, first against the Spanish presence in the Netherlands and then against the Swedes. While serving in the army near the city of Ulm in Southern Germany,

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Foundations of Philosophical Inquiry: Concepts and Human Existence

Foundations of Philosophical Inquiry

Understanding Key Philosophical Concepts

What is Exegesis?

The linguistic tool that allows us to interpret words within their linguistic background.

What is Phenomenology?

The philosophical tool that allows for a description of the essential facts of something.

What is Hermeneutics?

The philosophical tool that allows us to interpret words within their linguistic background.

The Hermeneutic Triangle

What is more particularly called the “hermeneutic triangle”?

Why These

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Positivism Defined: Comte’s Influence & Scientific Approach

Positivism: Definition and Historical Context

While recognizing diverse backgrounds, positivism, mainly associated with empirical thought, established itself in the second half of the nineteenth century as both a scientific method and a philosophical conception of the world. Broadly defined, positivism is a philosophical stance opposing idealism and rejecting metaphysics, based on a belief in facts or realities accessible through the senses. It accompanied the processes of secularization and industrialism,

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Nietzsche’s Transformative Philosophy: Reimagining Humanity and Values

The Superman and Human Evolution

The artist is presented as the sole savior of human existence, thereby transforming lives for the very reason that life is threatened. Nietzsche’s new morality is founded on the passionate desire to live in the exaltation of life’s primary forces. We must assess the morality of the “Lords” against that of the “slaves.” Nietzsche understands why modern humanity is a bridge to the Superman. Humanity is something intermediate between animal and Superman. For this to

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Foundational Philosophical Concepts and Theories

Kant’s Critique: Senses, Understanding, and Reason

Kant’s critical philosophy unifies empiricism and rationalism. Sensitivity receives external data through the senses and organizes it in space and time. Understanding structures this data using innate categories shared by all humans. Reason seeks ultimate principles, producing three metaphysical ideas: soul (inner experience), world (outer experience), and God (total experience).

Limits of Knowledge: Dogmatism and Skepticism

Knowledge must be constantly

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