Nihilism and Objectivism: Key Concepts and Historical Context
Nihilism
Nihilism is a historical movement in Western culture. It passes through several phases:
- Nihilism begins with the denial of the real world in favor of a higher world. He regards Plato as the first nihilist. This negative nihilism will be characterized as anything. Real life with its suffering, errors, and contradictions is denied and scorned, and before it stands the realm of good, truth, and beauty.
- A reaction to the supersensible world which denies any value: the fall of the higher values.
Understanding Ethics: From Kant to Dialogue
Freedom is the Basis
Immanuel Kant (18th century) believed that freedom is the main characteristic of rational beings. Kant thought that without presupposing freedom of choice, it is not meaningful to talk about morality. The moral dimension of human beings cannot be understood without freedom because it makes no sense to tell someone what to do and what behaviors should be followed. An important consequence of this is that humans have dignity and not a price; they cannot be exchanged or manipulated
Read MoreNietzsche’s Critique of Reason and Dualism in Philosophy
Nietzsche’s Critique of Reason in Traditional Philosophy
Nietzsche’s critique of reason in philosophy encompasses a criticism of the onto-epistemology found in traditional philosophy, particularly Platonism. Nietzsche’s primary interlocutor is Platonism, understood broadly as a systematic-dogmatic philosophy originating with the Eleatic school, especially Parmenides. Parmenides was the first to logically deduce the characteristics of true reality, positing that Being is sole, eternal, and immutable.
Read MoreLegislative Process: Understanding the Legislator’s Role
**Unit 17: Legislative Process for the Right**
**Legislator’s Role in Law Creation**
On the role of the legislature in drafting the law, there are two well-defined schools:
**Natural Law School:** This school maintains that the law is the product of reason, a mere result of human thought. It is the product of reflection, where man discovers a set of ideal rules of conduct, immutable, universal, and perfect as natural law. This school sees natural law as superior to the will of the legislature and believes
Read MoreNatural Law and the School of Exegesis: A Legal Analysis
Jusnaturalism
A) Positive Law and Justice
Natural law is the oldest current of legal thought. It supports the existence of another normative order in nature, composed of abstract principles aimed at protecting human dignity and the essential values related to it (life, liberty, etc.).
B) The Jusnaturalistic Design
Natural law is a current that brings together various legal theories that have in common the identification of a juridical order that is natural, superior, and anterior to positive law. Natural
Read MoreSocial Ethics: Morals, Principles, and Catholic Teachings
Social Ethics Midterm
Morals and Ethics
- Morals: Our fundamental standards; rules that govern our behavior.
- Ethics: How we apply standards.
Two Forms of Revelation
- Old Testament: Ten Commandments
- First three concern the relationship with God.
- Second seven concern relationships with each other.
- New Testament: Jesus’ moral teachings.
Catholic Social Teachings
- Life and dignity of a human person
- Call to family, community, and participation
- Rights and responsibilities
- Option for the poor and vulnerable
- The dignity