Understanding Reason, Knowledge, and Truth in Philosophy
Reason and Its Applications
Reason is the faculty used to explain, argue, and justify something within a given environment. We can distinguish between two types of reason:
- Theoretical Reason: This type is directed towards the contemplation of the world, that is, towards the knowledge of reality.
- Practical Reason: According to Immanuel Kant, practical reason is the reason that guides action and imposes itself on passions, orienting us towards achieving a perfect moral right to set itself.
Philosophical
Read MoreCivic Conception: Liberalism, Communitarianism, and Feminism
Building a Civic Conception
Building a civic conception is not easy. The liberal challenge will be how to allow the defense time to the views of individuals (ethics of maximum) and civic engagement (minimum ethics). Something that was being studied was civic ethic.
Habermas
Liberalism defends the primacy of the individual against any options or communitarianism. The holistic task of political institutions is to enable individuals to coexist. Preferences democracy becomes a method for defending individual
Read MoreCritique of Traditional Metaphysics: Kant’s Perspective
Critique of Traditional Metaphysics
Kant’s Refutation of Metaphysical Proofs of God’s Existence
Referring to Kant, one cannot understand the metaphysical proofs for the existence of God. In the *Transcendental Dialectic*, Kant pointed out that the ontological argument is invalid because it cannot prove the existence of God from the idea (essence). He also criticizes the validity of the arguments of the Thomist routes, either because he rejects that causality is an ontological relationship (for Kant,
Read MoreSocial Workers, Labor Relations, and Democracy
Social Workers and Labor Relations
Democracy is a system where power resides in all members of a group, making decisions collectively. It’s a form of government where the people, directly or indirectly, legitimize representatives. Broadly, it’s a social interaction where members are free and equal, with relationships based on agreements.
Unions: A Democratic Worker Organization
A union is a democratic organization of workers defending their social, economic, and professional interests. It aims to improve
Read MoreHuman Rights Concerns in FIFA World Cup Preparations
Human Rights Concerns Ahead of FIFA World Cups in Russia and Qatar
Activist Reports on Labor Abuses
Russia and Qatar are preparing for the next two FIFA World Cups. Activists say these countries have human rights issues they need to address. They cite examples of employers abusing work crews at World Cup sites. Some workers are reportedly constructing buildings and other structures for the games. Activists also note a lack of labor protections in both Russia and Qatar. In some cases, they say, this
Read MoreSt. Thomas Aquinas: Political Philosophy and Divine Order
St. Thomas Aquinas’ Political Philosophy
St. Thomas Aquinas’ political thought is heavily influenced by Aristotle, yet it presents key differences. For St. Thomas, the ultimate natural order is God. Here’s a breakdown of their contrasting views:
Differences with Aristotle
The Perfect Community
Aristotle: The state is the perfect community, fulfilling all human needs and leading to happiness.
St. Thomas: Distinguishes between the family, the city, and the kingdom (a grouping of cities), with the kingdom