Marcelo Neves: Symbolic Law, Debate, and Social Order
Marcelo Neves: Symbolic Law and Social Order
2.1: From Symbolic Law: A Debate Propellant, Marcelo Neves
Falbo by: From an instrumental point of view, law is identified as a means to an end (to maintain order, resolve conflicts), a means for achieving a normatively social order. The law identifies the normative point of view with an instrumental function. Law as a standard and, as a rule, seeking a means to an end. Size Visible (perceived). Studied further during the course.
Law as a reality meets another
Read MoreThe Sophists: Ancient Greek Intellectuals and Their Impact
The Sophists: Greek Intellectuals
The Sophists were a large group of Greek intellectuals who taught in Athens during the 5th and 4th centuries BC in exchange for high pay. Many were concerned only with winning dialectical arguments, which led to a negative connotation.
They were great travelers, coming into contact with other cultures and causing a change in philosophy. None were Athenian (and therefore could not participate in the assembly).
They arose because, in this era of pre-Socratic philosophy,
Read MoreUnderstanding Multiple Insurance Types and Coverage
Multiple Insurance and Coinsurance
Sometimes, a borrower enters into various contracts with different insurance companies regarding the same risk. In these cases, we encounter what is known as multiple insurance. If neither the policyholder nor the insured intentionally notifies each insurance company of agreements with others, insurers are not obliged to pay compensation.
Coinsurance is different from overinsurance. Different companies choose to spread the risk associated with a particular transaction,
Read MoreUnderstanding the Mind: Nature, States, and Biological Basis
Nature of the Mind
Intentionality is the property of mental states (memories, beliefs, etc.) to refer to something distinct from themselves. These references don’t necessarily require a real-world existence.
Intimacy refers to the inherent privacy of mental phenomena, making them unobservable to others.
States and Mental Processes
- Cognitive Abilities:
- Perception: A faculty shared with other animals, perception allows us to interact with reality and construct representations from sensory data.
- Memory:
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution: Impact on Anthropology and Culture
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution and its Impact
Darwin’s theory of evolution represents a scientific revolution of the first order, very important in the 19th century. What is anthropology? It is the study of human beings within the realm of culture as symbolic beings.
Darwin’s Theory: A Summary
Darwin’s theory states that the evolution of species is the result of two factors:
- Genetic variability: Individual mutations within the species make some members more or less able to adapt to the struggle for life
Epicureanism, Cynicism, and Cicero’s Philosophy
The Epicureans and Cynics
The Epicureans believed the end goal of the state differed from the Stoic school of thought. Epicureans held a more subjective view of the good, believing the state’s purpose is to protect individuals from selfishness. They saw society as inherently prone to conflict and viewed the state as an artificial construct, created through consensus and social contract. The core agreement: “I promise not to inflict harm on another citizen.”
Cynics emerged as a philosophical school
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