Reason and Rationality: Understanding Truth
Understanding Reason and Rationality
Reason is the feature that distinguishes and differentiates humans from animals. Rationality is defined as the use of reason to choose the best words or actions. According to Nicholas Rescher, rationality is the proper use of reason to choose the best. This applies to two areas: statements about the world and human actions, leading to two types of rationality.
Theoretical Rationality
Theoretical rationality is the use of reason when selecting the best reasons for
Read MoreLogical Consistency and Truth in Philosophy
Logical Consistency and Truth
In philosophy, there are analytic propositions whose truth or falsity is established according to the principle of “no contradiction,” or mere logical consistency. For example: “We call any proposition or trial expression of the type ‘A is B’ or ‘A is not B’ knowledge. In philosophy, knowledge is expressed as judgment.”
Let A be “the whole is greater than the parts” and B be “the triangle has three angles.” Both seem true, but how do we know? We cannot physically grasp
Read MorePlato’s Philosophy: Ethics, Politics, and the Theory of Ideas
Understanding Plato’s Philosophy
Plato’s philosophy is best understood as:
- A reaction to the philosophical and epistemological doctrines of the Sophists.
- A thought that originates from research and discontent with the political situation of his time. Recall the death sentence Athenian democracy imposed on Plato’s teacher, Socrates.
The fundamental concern of Plato is humanity (morality and ethics) and the state (politics), and the pursuit of happiness and knowledge in both the private (ethics) and public
Read MoreMarcelo Neves: Symbolic Law, Debate, and Social Order
Marcelo Neves: Symbolic Law and Social Order
2.1: From Symbolic Law: A Debate Propellant, Marcelo Neves
Falbo by: From an instrumental point of view, law is identified as a means to an end (to maintain order, resolve conflicts), a means for achieving a normatively social order. The law identifies the normative point of view with an instrumental function. Law as a standard and, as a rule, seeking a means to an end. Size Visible (perceived). Studied further during the course.
Law as a reality meets another
Read MoreThe Sophists: Ancient Greek Intellectuals and Their Impact
The Sophists: Greek Intellectuals
The Sophists were a large group of Greek intellectuals who taught in Athens during the 5th and 4th centuries BC in exchange for high pay. Many were concerned only with winning dialectical arguments, which led to a negative connotation.
They were great travelers, coming into contact with other cultures and causing a change in philosophy. None were Athenian (and therefore could not participate in the assembly).
They arose because, in this era of pre-Socratic philosophy,
Read MoreUnderstanding Multiple Insurance Types and Coverage
Multiple Insurance and Coinsurance
Sometimes, a borrower enters into various contracts with different insurance companies regarding the same risk. In these cases, we encounter what is known as multiple insurance. If neither the policyholder nor the insured intentionally notifies each insurance company of agreements with others, insurers are not obliged to pay compensation.
Coinsurance is different from overinsurance. Different companies choose to spread the risk associated with a particular transaction,
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