Metaphysics: Definition, Concepts, and Principles
Metaphysics: Definition and Basic Concepts
Metaphysics is the study of being, that is, what all entities have in common. It examines the broadest aspects of being, including first principles and first causes.
As in many other fields, we owe the clear and concise definition of metaphysics to Aristotle (who called it “first philosophy”). Metaphysics is the science that studies entities as such and the determinations that belong to them.
The Different Meanings of Being: The Categories
The categories are
Read MoreDescartes’ Methodical Doubt and the Existence of God
Descartes’ Method of Doubt and Knowledge
1. Knowledge: For Descartes, knowledge consists of discarding doubt through clear and distinct intuition of a proposition or opinion. Evidence relates only to reason; that is, the immediate understanding that a proposition is true. Because the senses can deceive us, we cannot rely on them. Knowledge is reached through deduction from these clear and distinct propositions, following the rules of the method step by step. The method guarantees the certainty of
Read MoreAristotle’s Philosophy: Society, Ethics, and Soul
Aristotle’s Social and Political Philosophy
Be social: Human beings tend to live in an organized society. Only animals and gods can live in isolation. Man is a social and political animal; he lives in the polis. That impulse leads him to join with others to form a family. The union of several families forms a village or town, and a meeting of several villages or towns forms the city-state. The human social needs to meet their needs and to perform its functions: the state. That state is a community
Read MoreInsurance and Risk Management Essentials
Insurance: A Risk Management Strategy
Insurance is a risk management strategy that provides protection against loss.
- An insurer takes responsibility for the insured body.
- Policy: The terms of insurance.
- Premium: The cost of insurance.
- Deductible: Out-of-pocket expense against a claim.
- Claim: A loss covered by insurance.
- Policyholder: A person that owns the insurance.
Understanding Risk
- Risk: The probability of loss.
- Peril: The cause of loss.
- Hazard: Increases the probability of a loss.
- Pure Risk: Only the chance
Mandatory PE in Schools & Gender Equality in Sports
Should Physical Education Lessons at School Be Compulsory?
Physical education (PE) is an important part of many schools. However, opinions differ on whether it should be mandatory for all students. While some argue that PE promotes health and teamwork, others believe it can be unnecessary.
Benefits of Physical Education
On the one hand, physical education provides numerous benefits:
- Regular exercise helps students maintain good physical and mental health, which is especially important during adolescence.
Plato and Nietzsche: Contrasting Philosophies
Plato established a contrast between two worlds, while Nietzsche posited that the world of thought and truth was the ideal, something to be pursued and achieved. Nietzsche proposes in his vitalist anthropology, a front man of culture and society. This man must be creative, engaging in an ongoing effort, and must create their own values. For Plato, man is fundamentally an ethical organization, above the scientific. He leaves the anthropological view of classicism, in which there is a social hierarchy.
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