Romanticism: Key Characteristics and Themes
Rejection of Neoclassicism
Facing the scrupulous rigor and order that prevailed in the eighteenth century, Romantic writers rebelled against the rules. They combined genres and verses of different sizes, sometimes mixing verse and prose. In theater, the rule of three unities (place, space, and time) was neglected, and dramatic comedy was alternated.
Dissatisfaction with Reality
This dissatisfaction led to rebellion and a desire for escape.
Rebellion Against the Established
- Prometheus: Represents man’
Noucentisme: A Cultural Movement in Catalonia (1906-1923)
Noucentisme was a Catalan cultural and ideological movement that replaced Modernism in the early 20th century. It aimed to modernize Catalan culture and society, aligning it with European standards. Noucentisme represented a convergence between politics and culture, with a shared goal of building an educated and European Catalonia.
Ideological Assumptions of Noucentisme
- Intellect over Emotion: Intellect must master feeling and instinct.
- Value of Work: Work is valued over personal genius.
- Functionality:
Spanish Literature: 98 Generation to Avant-Garde Movements
The Generation of ’98: A Literary and Philosophical Shift
The writers of the Generation of ’98 turned their texts into intellectual and philosophical concerns, reflecting on the reality of Spain. Authors like Machado and Valle-Inclan began in Modernism but evolved into a more personal literature, expressing existential problems and the theme of Spain.
Theme of Spain
In the late 19th century, a great social and political crisis ended with the disaster of ’98. This period heavily influenced the literature,
Read MoreFortunata and Jacinta: Love and Society in 19th-Century Madrid
Fortunata and Jacinta: A Portrait of 19th-Century Madrid
Fortunata and Jacinta, by Benito Pérez Galdós, tells the story of two women, Fortunata and Jacinta, whose lives are intertwined through their relationships with two men: Maximiliano Rubín and Juan Santa Cruz. The plot unfolds as Fortunata, a young woman from a humble background, falls in love with Juan Santa Cruz, who ultimately marries Jacinta. Abandoned repeatedly by Juan, Fortunata enters a religious institution. Rubín marries her, but
Read More19th Century Literary Movements: Realism, Naturalism, Modernism
Prior to the Twentieth Century
Realism
Realism is a literary current that developed in the second half of the nineteenth century. It has its origins in the work of Cervantes, the picaresque novel, serials, and novels of manners, customs, and the picture. It is characterized by impersonal, objective exposition using the principle of verisimilitude. Realism gives importance to the protagonist, who is typically middle-class, as realism caters to the bourgeois public and is often endowed with psychological
Read MorePoets of ’27: Influences, Styles, and Modernist Traits
Common Features of the Poets of ’27
Fervor for Góngora: Influence on Alberti, G. Diego, Miguel Hernández, Dámaso Alonso, who produced the edition of the Solitudes. It is the model for the development of image and metaphor, a fundamental element of these poets in the line of creationism and ultraism. Additionally, there is the influence of Garcilaso (Cernuda), Fray Luis, Bécquer…
Pure Poetry: Poetry that focuses more on the form, passing anecdote, elimination of any pathos, affects them all,
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