Written Language Learning: Constructivism, Stages, and Disorders

The Written Language: Learning from a Constructivist Perspective

The constructivist learning explanation adopts the concept of meaningful learning. Learning is not simply accumulating new knowledge but integrating, modifying, building relationships, and coordinating what is already known with what one wants to learn.

From the constructivist perspective, the primary role of the teacher, according to Vygotsky, is to create zones of proximal development. That is, knowing the starting point of each student

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Food Safety: Definitions, Hygiene, and Best Practices

Food: Any substance consumed in a natural or semi-processed state for human consumption, including beverages and any substance used in its preparation or treatment.

Food Security: Assurance that food will not cause harm to the consumer when prepared and/or consumed according to its intended use.

Sanitation: Maintenance of hygienic and healthy conditions.

Formal Definition: The process of creating conditions that promote healthy food production.

Safety: Guaranteeing that food will not cause harm to the

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Oropharyngeal Immunotherapy (OPI): Protocol and Benefits

Oropharyngeal Immunotherapy (OPI)

Introduction: Oropharyngeal Immunotherapy (OPI) involves applying colostrum or mother’s own milk (MOM) directly onto the oral mucosa. OPI requires a specific dose and frequency.

  1. OPI is given to ALL NPO infants as soon as colostrum/MOM is available. Current evidence supports this practice in neonates who are NPO, intubated, and/or receiving enteral nutrition.
  2. OPI should be initiated on the first day of life and continued until oral feeds are introduced.
  3. Protective breastfeeding
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Chilean Health System and Nursing Theories

Health System in Chile

Health System in Chile: Consisting of the health ministry, SEREMIs (Regional Ministerial Secretariats), health services, IST (Institute for Occupational Safety), Central Supply (SNSS), and FONASA (National Health Fund).

FONASA: Raises, manages, and distributes resources; implements health financing measures; and handles equipment acquisition.

Care Management

Care Management: Implementation of trials, organization, motivation, and control of nursing care delivery.

Florence Nightingale’

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Pharmacy Practice in India: History, SOPs, and Patient Care

History of Pharmacy in India

The genesis of community pharmacy practice in India can be traced back to British India, when the profession was only business oriented and the professionals were called either drug sellers or drug dispensers. Scotch M. Bathgate opened the first chemist shop in Kolkata in 1811, marking the starting point of pharmacy practice in India. Pharmacy education under British rule first began in Madras Medical School in December 1860 with a 2-year course.
  • In Goa, under Portuguese
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TMU Medical School Interview: Questions and Answers

TMU Kira Interview


What motivates you to practice medicine in diverse communities like Peel/Brampton?

  1. Personally, pursuing medicine is not just about treating illness—it’s about fighting for health equity and dismantling the systemic barriers that prevent people from receiving the care they deserve.

  2. This passion stems from my lived experiences growing up in a traditional Moroccan household and becoming acutely aware of the challenges that many culturally-diverse Canadians face in accessing care.

  3. One

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