Forensic DNA Validation: Quality Assurance and Legal Standards
Forensic DNA Validation: Ensuring Scientific Reliability
Validation in forensic DNA laboratories is the process of proving that all analytical methods, procedures, and instruments used in casework are scientifically reliable, reproducible, and suitable for their intended purpose. It ensures that DNA results are accurate and legally defensible. Validation includes quality assurance, quality control, accreditation, SOP development, personnel competency testing, and inter-laboratory comparisons. Together,
Read MorePressure Vessel Types, Jackets, Inspection & Design Pressure
1. Types of heads for pressure vessels
- Hemispherical head
- Torispherical (flanged and dished) head
- Ellipsoidal (2:1 elliptical) head
- Conical head
- Flat head
2. Weld joint efficiency factor (E)
Indicates the quality and reliability of welds in pressure vessels.
Ranges from 0.7 to 1.0 depending on joint type and inspection level.
3. Maximum Working Pressure (MWP) & Design Pressure
MWP: Highest internal pressure during normal operation.
Design pressure: Higher than MWP (typically 5–10% more) to ensure a safety
Read MoreCyber Security Frameworks and IoT Digital Skilling
Cyber Security: Crimes and Legal Frameworks
Cybercrime refers to illegal activity where a computer or network is the target, the means, or both. Understanding the classification, methods, and legal response is crucial for digital safety.
Classification of Cybercrimes
Cybercrimes are broadly classified based on the target of the attack:
- Crimes Against Individuals: Targets a person’s identity, privacy, or safety. Examples include cyberstalking, cyberbullying, defamation, identity theft, and phishing.
- Crimes
Incident Response and BCP Improvements for Remote Projects
Scenario 1: Personal Device Risks
Question 1: Dangers of personal devices
Personal devices often lack enterprise-grade security tools. They are more likely to be unpatched, outdated, or unmonitored and provide no centralized control for security teams. Using personal devices increases the attack surface, especially when accessing critical infrastructure.
Question 2: How could this malware have been detected?
Answer: Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools would have flagged anomalous behavior such
Screens, Systems & Safety: Multimedia, AI and Online Privacy
Slide 1 – Title Slide
Topic: Screens, Systems, and Safety: Understanding Multimedia, AI, and Online Privacy
Slide 2 – Multimedia
Definition: Combines text, images, audio, video, and animations to communicate information.
Example: YouTube videos, movies.
Slide 3 – Pros & Cons of Multimedia
Pros:
- Improves understanding of complex topics.
- Shares information quickly worldwide.
- Boosts creativity and communication skills.
Cons:
- Can spread misinformation.
- Too much screen time harms eyesight, sleep, and focus.
Software Quality Assurance Versus Control: Key Differences
What is Quality Assurance (QA)?
Quality Assurance is a method for ensuring that the software application released to end users has fewer defects and mistakes. Quality Assurance is defined as an activity that ensures the approaches, techniques, methods, and processes designed for the projects are implemented correctly. It recognizes defects in the process. Quality Assurance is completed before Quality Control.
- It focuses on preventing defects.
- It is a proactive process and is preventive in nature.
- It