Modernism in Spanish American Literature: A Deep Dive
1. Modernism
Modernism, a Spanish American literary movement born in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, was introduced to Spain by Rubén Darío following the publication of his book Prose Profane. Its crucial importance lies in the complete renovation of Spanish poetry.
The Modernist Revolution
Modernism had a profound impact on Spanish poetry:
- It introduced foreign literary movements to Spain, including French Parnasianism and Symbolism, along with decadent works from England and Italy. Rubén
The Ultimate Theatre Glossary: Key Terms & Definitions
Agent
Person who connects theatre artists (actors, designers, etc.) with the producers and others who hire them.
Backers
Investors who help fund a theatrical production.
Beijing Opera
A classical, traditional Chinese form that combines music, dance, and speech with elaborate, codified costumes, makeup, and movement.
Box, Pit, and Gallery
Auditorium arrangement common from the Renaissance into the nineteenth century, including the ground-level pit with boxes and galleries surrounding it, with the highest
Read More17th Century Spanish Baroque Literature: Society, Culture & Arts
17th Century Spanish Baroque Literature
1. Society and Culture of the 17th Century
During the reigns of Philip III and Philip IV, the Spanish Empire began to decline due to military failures and the economic consequences of armed conflicts, such as the struggle against the Protestants.
Economically, there was financial impoverishment and a decline in industry, banking, and trade. Agriculture also entered a crisis period, worsening the living conditions of peasants.
Socially, tensions between the bourgeoisie
Read MoreHistory of Early Western Music: From Psalms to Polyphony
Early Music Practices
Psalms
The psalms were likely performed responsorially, with a soloist singing the verses and a choir or congregation singing the refrain (e.g., Alleluia). Antiphony, where two groups of choirs sang alternating psalm verses, was also practiced.
Gregorian Music (4th-9th Centuries)
Early Christian liturgical music in this period lacked a unified style. From the 6th century, the Roman Rite gained dominance due to papal policy. Pope Gregory I sent St. Augustine to England in 597 to
Read MoreA Comprehensive Guide to Medieval and Renaissance Music: From Gregorian Chant to Polyphony
The psalms were probably performed responsorially, that is, a soloist sang the verses, with a choir or congregations singing the refrain, such as Alleluia. And antiphony, in which two groups of choirs sang alternating psalm verses.
Gregorian Music (4th-9th Centuries)
The early, monophonic liturgical music in this early period of official Christianity didn’t exist in the form of one unified style. From the 6th century, the Roman Rite became dominant and normative because of the papal policy. Then,
Read MoreA Comprehensive Guide to Medieval and Renaissance Music: From Gregorian Chant to Polyphony
The psalms were probably performed responsorially, that is, a soloist sang the verses, with a choir or congregations singing the refrain, such as Alleluia. And antiphony, in which two groups of choirs sang alternating psalm verses.
Gregorian Music (4th-9th Centuries)
The early, monophonic liturgical music in this early period of official Christianity didn’t exist in the form of one unified style. From the 6th century, the Roman Rite became dominant and normative because of the papal policy. Then,
Read More