Romanticism: A Cultural Revolution
Romanticism: A Cultural Revolution in 19th Century Europe
Romanticism, spanning Europe during the first half of the nineteenth century, represents a complete renewal of spirit and a unique approach to life, manifested in all cultural spheres. The movement’s initial formulations emerged in 1798 in Germany and England, coinciding with significant political and social changes in Europe between 1789 and 1815:
- Crisis of absolute monarchy and the rise of parliamentary government.
- Triumph of liberalism,
Spanish Golden Age Theater: An Overview
Spanish Golden Age Theater
Medieval Theater
The dramatic texts were written in Castilian and included works like Auto de los Reyes Magos.
Renaissance Theater
Various trends emerged, including religious drama, Italianate influence, classical styles, and popular nationalist theater.
Cervantes’ Theater
- 1st Stage: Before Lope de Vega’s rise, Cervantes’ works were very successful.
- 2nd Stage: Cervantes wrote comedies and farces.
Autos Sacramentales
These plays revolved around the sacrament of the Eucharist, utilizing
Read MoreLope de Vega and the Spanish Baroque: A Literary Overview
Lope de Vega: A Disproportionate Personality
A Life of Passion and Contradictions
Lope de Vega was a man of intense vitality, driven by a passion for life. His contradictory character, marked by sincerity and dedication, is evident in his works. His biography reads like a novel, blending human love with an intense, almost mystical, divine love. Lope blurred the lines between life and literature, pouring his experiences into his poems, novels, and plays, creating a spiritual autobiography.
Lyrical Work
Read MoreAnalysis of Sonnet 18: ‘Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day?’
Sonnet 18
Analysis
1. Voice & Mood
Voice
The rhetorical question at the beginning serves to introduce the poem and pique the reader’s curiosity. This creates anticipation and encourages the reader to continue. The poem is written in the second person, indicating a speaker addressing a listener within the poem, not the reader directly.
Mood
The poem’s mood is one of admiration and praise for the beloved. The speaker compliments their beauty and compares it to a summer’s day. However, there’s a subtle
Read MoreRomanticism in 19th Century Spanish Literature
Introduction
Romanticism, an artistic and literary movement of the first half of the 19th century, emerged as a reaction against the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution. It profoundly impacted politics, society, and culture, generating both enthusiasm and apprehension.
Transformations:
- Discontent with the Old Regime.
- Rise of liberalism and conservatism.
- Labor movements advocating for radical change.
- Globalization’s impact on the world.
Romantic Literature
Characteristics:
- Freedom: Rejection of artistic
The Myth of Don Juan: Origins and Evolution
Origin and Myth of Don Juan
The figure of Don Juan, created by Tirso de Molina in “The Trickster of Seville” and recreated by José Zorrilla in the 19th century in his “Don Juan Tenorio”, has been one of the most productive contributions of Spanish literature to European culture. Its influence is evident in various art forms:
- Opera: Don Giovanni by Mozart
- A symphonic poem by Richard Strauss
- The Don Juan of Molière or Lord Byron
These examples demonstrate the enduring impact of this character. The Don
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