16th-Century Literary Renewal
XVI Century: The Renewal (1492-1789)
Transition from the Middle Ages
This era, spanning from the discovery of America in 1492 to the French Revolution in 1789, marked significant shifts from the medieval period:
- Politics: Emergence of modern nations governed by absolute monarchies. In Spain, this began in the 16th century with the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, uniting the crowns of Castile and Aragon. They were succeeded by Charles I, also heir to the German Empire. This period of expansion concluded
Romanticism: A Literary and Cultural Movement in 19th Century Europe
Romanticism
Romanticism was an artistic and cultural movement that exerted a great influence on various forms of art and culture in Europe (especially literature, music, and painting) from the late 18th to the mid-19th century. The term is strongly linked with the fall of Napoleon after his defeat at Waterloo. On the death of Spanish absolutist King Ferdinand VII (1833), a group of liberal politicians and intellectuals returned to Spain and began publishing a literary magazine in Madrid with a romantic
Read More18th Century Spanish Literature: From Baroque to Enlightenment
18th-Century Spanish Literature
The Enlightenment
The 18th-century literary movement was based on empiricism and rationalism. During this time, enlightened despotism was practiced, advocating for the elimination of privileges for the clergy and aristocracy. Political power became secular and independent of religious influence.
The Enlightenment in Spain
This period saw a strong French influence on Spanish literature. While moderate, several factors favored its development.
Language and Literature in
Read MoreRomanticism in Spanish Literature: A Deep Dive
ROMANTICISM:
social and artistic movement (1st half of XIX century) principal obj, exercise of the right to freedom both as individuals and in the collective.
Romanticism late development compared to Europe. Guided x the principle of freedom, artists dispensed with the classical rules. The passion and artistic works become very subjective. At this time the expression of feelings and emotions is the theme and is mainly expressed in the lyric.
Lirica at Roman:
It was one of the most cultivated genera
Read MoreSpanish Medieval Literature: Signs, Lyrics, and Epics
1. The Sign
A sign is perceptible by the senses, representing or replacing something else. Every sign refers to a concrete reality called the referent. The sign consists of a physical signifier and its meaning (content).
1.1 Classes of Signs
Signs can be classified based on perception (visual, olfactory, auditory, tactile, gustatory), structure (simple or articulated), and relationship with the referent.
1.1.1 Relationship with Referent
- Icons: Signs that have a similarity relation to their referent.
Spanish Baroque Literature: Don Quixote & Major Poets
UNIT 15: Don Quijote de la Mancha
Edition of the Book
The Don Quijote de la Mancha first appeared in two parts:
- Part One (1605): Consists of a prologue, opening and closing burlesque poems, and fifty-two chapters grouped into four parts.
- Part Two (1615): Consists of a prologue and seventy-four chapters, without division into parts.
In 1614, a false second volume appeared, signed by Alonso Fernandez de Avellaneda. Cervantes addressed this in the preface to his own second part, including numerous references
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