Innate and Adaptive Immunity: Cells and Functions

Posted by on Jan 6, 2025 in Medicine & Health | 0 comments

Natural Killer (NK) Cells

NK cells attack and destroy tumor cells and virally infected cells through a process known as “self-extinction.” This term describes cells with low levels of a cell surface marker called MHC I (major histocompatibility complex) – a situation that may arise in viral infections of host cells. Such cells are called “natural killer” because of the initial concept that they did not require activation to kill cells that were “missing self.” Like other “unconventional” T cells

Read More

Understanding Asthma and Pneumonia: Symptoms and Treatments

Posted by on Jan 5, 2025 in Medicine & Health | 0 comments

Azma Etio:

Def:
(Airway Infl(+)<—Trigger)—-> Partial /Complete Obstruction
TH2
Etiology
xFactorial : EF + SG
-SG
Th1-Th2-Ig2-Cytokines(IL3-4-5-9), GM-CSF, TNF-alpha-ADAM33

-SG =-EF: ^Triggers:^Px:

1-Infl/Edema/Ovst/remodel
2-SG / TH2/ (+)allergen
3-Sensitization/TH2/Cytokine
4-Short Term: BC/Mucous/VD
5-Long: MAST/chemokine/
6-Repeated: Remodel
Stages:
I: (intermittent)
-ASx
[N] PEF
Night Sx (2x/Month)
FEV1PEF 80% Prediction
II: (mild persist)
-1+Week
less 1 day
-Nocturnal 2+Month
III: Mod Persist
-Daily Sx
-1+
Read More

Comprehensive Overview of Pregnancy and Delivery Complications

Posted by on Jan 5, 2025 in Medicine & Health | 0 comments

I: Start of Contraction to Full DilationII: Full Dilation to Delivery– Null 2 Hours!– x 1 Hour!– Using Analgesics extend it to 1 hour more!III: Delivery to Placenta Release 30 min
Latent:
  • Contractions more synchronized
  • Minimal discomfort
  • Cervix effaces + Dilation 4cm
  • 1. Strong Irregular Contraction
  • 2. Mucous Plug
  • 3. Water Breaking!
  • 4. Effacement (2cm 0–>100%)
Active: 3-4cm —> 9cm 1:5-6H 2-4-5HDeceleration: 9cm-10cm– DO NOT STIMULATE PUSHING (Cervix Not fully dilated)^^Med Care:
  • 1. Vaginal examination
Read More

English Verb Tenses and Vocabulary for Daily Life

Posted by on Jan 5, 2025 in Medicine & Health | 0 comments

English Verb Tenses

Present Simple vs. Past Simple

  • Present Simple:
    • + He/She/It: chats online
    • + I/You/We/They: chat online
    • – I/You/We/They: don’t chat online
    • – He/She/It: doesn’t chat online
    • ? Do I/You/We/They chat online?
    • ? Does he chat online?
  • Past Simple:
    • + I/You/He/She/It/We/They arrived.
    • – I/You/He/She/It/We/They didn’t arrive.
    • ? Did I/You/He/She/It/We/They arrive?

Was/Were

  • + I/He/She/It: was
  • + You/We/They: were
  • – I/He/She/It: wasn’t
  • – You/We/They: weren’t
  • ? Was he happy?
  • ? Were you happy?

Present Continuous

  • + I’
Read More

Impacts of Climate Change, Technology, and Social Issues

Posted by on Jan 5, 2025 in Medicine & Health | 0 comments

Migrant Crisis

1. A) Russia does not… both sides. B) New arrivals… Arctic climate.

2. A) False. Although Russia… both sides. B) False. With most of… beds. C) True. The number… in 2015.

3. A) Quarters: barracks B) Aspirants: seekers C) Preceding: former D) Refuge: shelter.

4. 1:b / 2:a / 3:b

Writing: The main difficulties an immigrant faces are:

  • Getting a job. This is the biggest difficulty because the reason to emigrate is to obtain a better life than you had.
  • Earning little because you are an
Read More

Analysis of Sci-Fi Stories: Meteor, Dumb Martian, Survival, and Body and Soul

Posted by on Jan 5, 2025 in Medicine & Health | 0 comments

Page 107

Exercise 1

1c, 2a, 3c, 4d

Exercise 2

1. Fortans, 2. Humans, 3. Fortans, 4. Fortans, 5. Humans, 6. Humans, 7. Fortans

Exercise 3

  1. Duncan Weaver to the Company Agent: He was very surprised when he was told that he would have to marry the Martian girl.
  2. The Company Agent to Duncan: He doesn’t understand what Martians are like and how they live.
  3. A man to Duncan: About bringing a Martian wife with him, as Duncan was doing.
  4. Duncan to Lellie: About Lellie’s attempts.
  5. Lellie to Duncan: Trying to explain why
Read More