Digital Signal Processing: Complex Numbers, Transforms, and Filters

Complex Numbers

Given


Polar Form

Systems

Sampler

Time

equals

taking samples every T seconds.

Frequency

equals

extensively

and frequency

Decimator

Time

This eliminates one of every M samples.

Frequency

The amplitude scale

and the frequency is multiplied (expanded) by M. The stage is divided by M.

The sampling frequency should be:

Insertaceros

Time

Insert L-1 zeros between samples

Frequency

Divide (compresses) the frequency by a factor L and the amplitude is unchanged. The stage is multiplied by L.

Retardation

Time

Delays

Read More

Probability Distributions and Sampling Methods

Probability Density Function

A function used to compute probabilities for a continuous random variable. The area under the graph of a probability density function over an interval represents probability.

Uniform Probability Distribution

A continuous probability distribution for which the probability that the random variable will assume a value in any interval is the same for each interval of equal length.

Normal Probability Distribution

A continuous probability distribution. Its probability density function

Read More

Understanding Numbers, Data, and Visualizations

Writing About Numbers

1. Use Miller’s ‘W’s’ to give context

  • ‘The Ws’: what, when, where, who.
  • ‘Relevance, simplicity, plausibility’
  • Take care with jargon or technical language
  • Interpret and/or provide analogies to explain numbers

2. Use the GEE method to write about patterns

  • Generalise, Example, Exception

3. Prose, table or chart? Consider

  • Extent and complexity of the information
  • Audience
  • Story: is the overall pattern or particular values?
  • Attention: what is most important?

Describing Data

li>  <li>Turning life processes into

A threat Read More

Understanding Mathematical Functions: Key Concepts and Definitions

RELATIONSHIP: A relationship exists between two sets if there is a link between them. These sets may be different or may occur within the same set.

ROLE: This is a relationship with two key features:

  • Existence: For each element of the set of departure, there is another element in the set of arrival to which it is linked.
  • Uniqueness: Each element of the set of departure is bound to a single element in the set of arrival.

SET OF DEPARTURE: The first set involved in the relationship.

SET OF ARRIVAL: The

Read More

Key Math Concepts: Definitions and Theorems

A magnitude is anything that can be measured or counted.

Direct and Inverse Proportionality

Magnitudes directly proportional: If one magnitude is multiplied by a number, the other is divided by the same number automatically. For example, speed and time are inversely proportional; their product is constant.

Magnitudes inversely proportional: If one magnitude is multiplied or divided by a number, the other is divided or multiplied by that number, respectively.

Sequences

A sequence is an infinite set of

Read More

Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Identities

Algebraic Expressions

An algebraic expression is a combination of numbers and letters connected by arithmetic operation signs. The letters are called variables.

Monomials

A monomial is an algebraic expression where the only operations affecting the variables are multiplication and natural exponentiation. Monomials with the same literal part are like terms.

Polynomials

A polynomial is an algebraic expression formed by the sum or difference of two or more monomials. The degree of a polynomial is the highest

Read More