Industrial Creations and Patent Law in Spain
Industrial Creations and Patent Law
Industrial creations are regulated in order to protect rights in the creations that arise as a result of technical and technological advances. This is often referred to as Research and Development (R&D). In a historic moment in the economy, it regains more importance to the protection of industrial creations that are the product of innovation. Because of this, there is a patent right under the laws of the Patent Law of March 20, 1986.
We understand the patent
Read MoreMaritime Zones and International Law of the Sea
**Marine Areas and Jurisdictions**
Inland Waters
Waters under the full sovereignty of the coastal State are considered inland waters. To define them, we should differentiate them from the territorial sea, which, under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also known as the Jamaica Convention, extends 12 nautical miles from the baseline. The baseline, in turn, can be determined according to two criteria:
- Geographic: The baseline is determined by the low-water mark.
- Technical:
The State in International Law: Sovereignty and Recognition
The State as a Subject of International Law
The State remains the primary actor in international law, even though other subjects, such as international organizations and, to a lesser extent, individuals, also participate. These other actors have gained relevance due to the increase in international relations and the expansion of law to topics such as human rights. However, the State continues to be the fundamental subject, defined by its ability to create, enforce, and be the recipient of international
Read MoreCentralized vs. Decentralized Management Systems
System Features: Centralized Management
- These competing bodies extend their territory without prejudice to deconcentrated regional or provincial units but always depend on a central power. For example, the SII or the National Treasury of the Republic.
- The central body defines and makes the decisions. The local bodies may take decisions, but in the form of a delegation of authority, subject to the local bodies’ own powers granted by the law that created them. This delegation of authority is made under
Tax Regulations: Pre-registration, Offenses, and Business Tax
Pre-registration
This refers to the extinction of the rights of management or the taxpayer over time. The pre-registration deadlines are four years after:
- The day the deadline for filing of tax liability ends.
- The day the deadline for voluntary payment to demand payment of tax liabilities ends.
- The day to impose tax penalties from the time the crimes were committed ends.
- The day for the right to a refund of income from undue payments ends.
The causes of disruption of pre-registration are:
- Any administrative
Public Revenue: Understanding State Finances and Taxation
Public Revenue: Understanding State Finances
Public revenue must distinguish between two sides: revenue-side inputs and expenditure-side outputs. Revenue, the input side of public revenue, consists of a sum of money received by the state and other public entities whose main purpose is to finance public expenditure. Therefore, public revenue is a sum of money. In some instances, payment can be made with goods that qualify as national heritage. To distinguish payment from debt, the debt is always a
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