The City: A Political History of Democracy and Municipal Autonomy
1. The City: Its Political Dimension and the Need for Democratic Renewal
1.1. The City: Cradle of Civilization, Politics, and Democracy
With the rise of cities came the emergence and concentration of political and economic power. Governments gained the ability to enforce laws, impose prohibitions, and punish violations. This process culminated in Greek cities, particularly Athens, where enduring moral and political categories were established. These included the inseparable values of justice and freedom,
Read MoreRegional Powers and Administrative Sanctioning in Private Security
Regional Powers in Relation to Private Security
Autonomous regions with the authority to protect people and property and maintain public order (provided they are a State) in accordance with the Act may carry out the FCS faculty authorization, inspection, and sanction of security companies domiciled in the CCAA and whose scope is limited to it.
The law recognizes private security responsibilities to FCS and, according to the EC, public safety is a matter where there are concurrent powers with the CAAC.
Read MoreUsucapion: A Comprehensive Guide to Acquiring Property Rights
Usucapion: Acquisition by Prescription
Section 1930.1 of the Civil Code (CC)
This section states that ownership and other property rights can be acquired through usucapion, under the manner and conditions specified in the law. This means that the influence of time is not limited to the extinction of claims or rights that are unused for an extended period. It also serves to give birth to legal rights and situations that appear to belong to an individual, or at least exercised by them, but in reality,
Read MoreChildcare and Child Protection: A Comprehensive Guide
1. Introduction to Childcare
1.1. Defining Childhood
Childhood is the period of life from birth to puberty, marked by significant psychological, social, and biological changes that shape development in later life stages.
1.2. A Historical Overview of Childcare
1.2.1. The Ancient World
In Mesopotamia, chapters on hygiene and childcare emerged, along with early legislation protecting orphans, similar to practices in India. In Greece and Rome, children were often viewed as investments or property, with
Read MoreAlternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
1. Traditional Private Alternatives to Trial: They are possible with private interactions. They occur before filing the complaint.
A. NEGOTIATION: The parties use bargaining techniques to resolve the dispute.
B. MEDIATION: Mediation adds a third party. He is called the MEDIATOR. His task is to facilitate the negotiation. He does not decide.
C. ARBITRATION: The disputing parties go before their chosen private judge, the arbitrator. He is neutral and expert on the
Read MoreInheritance Tax Law, Donations and other related areas
INHERITANCE TAX LAW, DONATIONS
And other related areas
Gazette Extraordinary No. 5391 dated 22 October 1999.
HUGO CHAVEZ FRIAS
PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC
In exercise of the powers conferred by ordinal 8 of Article 190 of the
Constitution and in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph d) of paragraph 3 of
Article 1 of the Organic Law that Authorizes the President of the Republic
dictate extraordinary measures in economic and financial matters required by
the Public Interest, published