Legal Axioms: Principles of Legal Knowledge and Regulation
Legal Axioms: Core Principles
Axiom I. Every object of legal knowledge is identical to itself.
- What is not legally prohibited is legally permitted.
- What is not legally prohibited is legally permitted.
Axiom II. No behavior can be found at the same time legally forbidden and legally permitted.
- Exercising his right not to be abused.
- What is not legally ordained cannot be legally prohibited.
- If the omission of permissible conduct is prohibited, such conduct is ordered.
Axiom III. Conduct can only be found
Read MoreFreedom of Expression and Information in Spain
Freedom of Expression: Article 20.1 CE
Article 20.1 of the Spanish Constitution (CE) protects several different fundamental rights in its four sections. Along with the recognition of those rights, this article governs their guarantees (art. 20.2, 3, and 5 EC) and its limits (art. 20.4 EC). Article 20.1 EC states that “the following rights are recognized and protected”:
- a) To freely express and disseminate thoughts, ideas, and opinions through words, writing, or any other means of reproduction.
- b) To
Understanding the United Nations and International Law
The United Nations: Structure and Organs
The United Nations (UN) has several principal organs:
- Security Council: Responsible for maintaining international peace and security. It has 15 members, including five permanent members: Russia, China, France, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom.
- General Assembly: The main representative and deliberative body, often described as the parliamentary body of the UN. Proposals adopted by the General Assembly are resolutions.
- Economic and Social Council
Law Enforcement: Use of Force and Firearms
Use of Force
The police force is the instrument through which public administration exercises legal coercion. The occasions when force is used are determined, but this does not necessarily mean violence. The Law of Force and Security Corps (LOFCS) is aware of this complexity and sets limits and exceptionality in such use.
With codified regulations and R34/169, the UNGA 17D conduct for law enforcement officials states that they may use force only when strictly necessary and to the extent required to
Read MoreSpanish Constitution of 1876: A Detailed Analysis
The Spanish Constitution of 1876
The central theme of this text is the Spanish Constitution of 1876, intended to articulate a new regime. It is legal in nature, as it establishes the laws governing Spanish citizens. The author is the Constituent Assembly, influenced by the thought of Cánovas del Castillo (internal constitution). The intended audience is public, addressing all Spanish citizens. The document was created in Madrid, and the Constitution came into effect on June 30, 1876, during the
Understanding Contracts: Types, Agreements, and Seller Rights
Understanding Contract Types
1. Express Contract
Explicitly stated terms and conditions, either verbally or in writing.
2. Implied Contract
Terms and conditions inferred from circumstances, but not explicitly stated.
3. Quasi-Contract
Imposed by law, even if parties didn’t explicitly agree.
4. Voidable Contract
Can be declared invalid by one or both parties.
5. Void Contract
Invalid from the start, usually due to a fundamental flaw or illegality.
6. Unilateral Contract
One party makes a promise, but the other
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