Understanding the Child’s Best Interest: A Guide to Child and Adolescent Rights

The Principle of the Child’s Best Interest

With the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), decisions regarding children prioritize their welfare. For instance, in a divorce, custody is determined based on the best interest of the child, not the reason for the separation.

Differentiating Children and Adolescents

The ECA distinguishes between children and adolescents based on their physical and mental maturity:

  • Child: Under 12 years of age
  • Adolescent: Between 12 and 18 years of age

Penalties also differ:

  • Children:
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The Spanish Constitution and the Development of Social Security

1. Political Transition and the Evolution of Welfare in Spain

Following Spain’s political transition and the democratization of its institutions, the Social Security System (SSS) emerged as a public system of social protection. Designed to serve all citizens, it replaced the charitable and welfare activities of the past. While its development was rapid compared to other European countries, significant progress has been made in three key areas:

Policy Development

The adoption of the Spanish Constitution

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Spanish Monarchy: Succession, Regency, and the Role of the Referendum

Corona-TOPIC 12.La THE REFERENDUM:* 1.Concepto: the institution whereby the holder of an organ of state consent to the act of the Head of State assumes liability for that act. * 2.Significado: has changed. Originally in the Middle Ages and the Ancien Regime, it was a mere formality which testified to an act of the King. With the parliamentary regime, endorsement takes on a substantial material, limiting royal power insofar as it involves the displacement of competition the King’s ministers to endorse

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Easements and Other Real Rights in Property Law

The Easement

An easement is a real right of enjoyment, founded in Roman law, by which a tax is imposed on a person (personal servitude) or on a building. It represents the benefit of one property belonging to another owner. The legal institution of slavery comes from Roman law and is characterized by a relationship between two properties (except personal servitude).

The property in whose favor the easement is formed is called the dominant tenement, and the property that suffers the tax is called the

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Understanding Horizontal Property Ownership and Usufruct in Real Estate

Meaning, Nature, and Horizontal Property Regime

Horizontal property ownership is unique because it combines two ownership types: exclusive ownership of individual apartments and common ownership of shared building elements. This system, regulated by Law 8/99, of April 6, which amended Law 49/1960 of June 21 on Condominiums, has specific rules. Further modifications were introduced by acts in ’92 and ’98. As a distinct property form, it operates under specific regulations, superseding general community

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Horizontal Property Ownership and Usufruct in Spanish Civil Law

Meaning, Nature, and Horizontal Property Regime

Horizontal property ownership is unique because it combines two ownership types: exclusive ownership of individual apartments and common ownership of shared building elements. This system, regulated by Law 8/99 of April 6, which amended Law 49/1960 of June 21 on Condominiums, has specific rules. Further modifications were introduced by acts in 1992 and 1998.

As a special property form, it operates under specific rules, superseding general community property

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