Singapore Land Law: A Comprehensive Guide
Background of Singapore’s Legal/Common Law System
Sources
- Parliament
- Cases [Reception of English Law *2nd Charter of Justice 1826]
Judicial Structure & Doctrine of Binding Precedent
Subordinate Courts – High Court – Court of Appeal. Lower courts are bound by decisions of upper courts.
Civil vs Criminal Law
Nature of difference, terminology, consequences.
Application of Doctrine of Tenures & Estates
Origin
Norman Conquest (1066) “All land belongs to the King”
Singapore
Article 160 of the Republic of
Read MoreSources of Law in the Spanish Legal System
Sources of Law in the Spanish Legal System
What is meant by the term “Source of Law”?
Material source of Law: Origin of the rules of law (Parliament). In this sense, Parliament would be a “source of law”, because the “leyes” are enacted by the Chambers of Parliament.
Formal source of Law: Origin or exteriorization of Law. Rules that constitute the Law (law “ley”, customary laws “costumbre”, and General Principles of Law “Principios Generales del Derecho”).
Spanish Constitution (SC): Supreme law of the
Read MoreFree Movement of Goods and Article 34 TFEU: A Case Study
This case study concerns the Free Movement of Goods (FMG) in European Union law, specifically the application of Article 34 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). According to Commission v Italy (“Italian Art”): ‘Goods’ are “products which can be valued in money and are capable of forming the subject of commercial transactions.”
Article 34 TFEU
‘Quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited between Member States’.
Measures
Read MoreCode of Ethics for Psychologists: Rules & Guidelines
Chapter 2: Rules and General Policies
Article 7: Applicability of the Code
The Code of Ethics applies to all psychologists and colleagues who accept the jurisdiction of the College of the Order.
Article 8: Limits of the Code of Ethics
The rules of the Code of Ethics apply to all job-related activities of the psychologist that are performed with professional quality. This excludes personal activities or purposes not connected with their professional role. The personal or private behavior of a psychologist
Read MorePrivate Law and its Impact on Business and the Economy
Economy and Private Law
1. Private Law and Efficiency – Law and Economics
The ultimate aim of private law is to regulate economic activity and social relationships among individuals and entities.
The law and economics approach is based on the understanding of the legal system.
2. Other Aims in Private Law – “Consumerism”
Other aims in private law are to protect the weaker parties in market transactions. The pursuit of efficiency leads to rules promoting fairness. Example: Spain has launched in recent
Read MoreLabor Law and Social Policy in the EU: A Comprehensive Guide
Labor Law and Social Policy
Definition of Labor Law and its Relation to Social Policy
Labor law governs the employer-employee relationship, including individual employment contracts and numerous statutory regulations. It protects employees from discrimination, ensures fair wages and working hours, and promotes health and safety in the workplace. Social policy encompasses areas like healthcare, human services, criminal justice, inequality, and labor.