Enhancements to Social Security Benefits by Employers
Forms of compensation, instead of a periodic benefit.
b. – Death and Survival, and Benefits for Other Family Members. It is the same as in the previous section, i.e., the legal amount of pensions for widows, orphans, or for family members may be increased as a voluntary improvement, which assumes payment by the employer. But compensation can also be given, rather than supplements to benefits.
c. – Temporary Disability. In the case of professional contingencies, the improvement consists in the payment
Read MoreRoman Law: Extra-Processual Legal Protections
Item 23: Extra-Processual Legal Protections
There are cases in which the Praetor acts by itself with its imperium. This approach, which is almost always related to religious matters, is performed outside the process. This simplifies the process, prevents the need for a process, or guarantees certain aspects of the process. This allows the Praetor to view the case and provide protection independent of other actions.
1 – Injunction
An injunction was and remains a magistrate’s order that attempts to resolve
Read MoreUnderstanding Legal Acts: Classifications and Effects
Legal Acts: An Overview
Legal acts: The facts are generally made up of what’s happening. For their part, legal facts are all that happens and causes legal effects. Regarding legal facts, they can be of such nature or proper, i.e., those which do not involve the human will, as well as facts of law of man, that is, those substances in which the human will. But there are facts of man with no intention of producing legal effects; these are the crimes and torts.
Classification of Legal Acts
1. Unilateral
Read MoreDeclaration of the Rights of Man: Principles & Impact
Declaration of the Rights of Man: August 26, 1789
Space-time situation: August 26, 1789
Location: French Revolution Paper
Author: Unknown
Main Ideas
The Declaration sets out the principles that will underlie the legitimacy of the new society. Each article condemns the principles, institutions, and practices of the ancien régime: “The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation.” The Declaration on the Rights of Man and Citizen considered legitimate revolt of MEPs against the monarchy,
Read MoreUnderstanding Company Organs: Shareholders and Administration
Company Organs: Shareholders and Administration
1. Shareholders General Board
Body decisions are taken by the company.
2. Executive Body
Decisions are taken generally by the board.
Definition: A duly convened meeting to deliberate with partners and make agreements within their competence.
Characteristics:
- Changes can be made until the statutes are respected.
- Decisions cannot violate individual rights or the principle of parity among partners.
- Necessary treatment of the body, not a must in any SA.
- Sovereign
Effectiveness and Flaws of Legal Transactions
Plan Effectiveness (Articles 121-137 CC)
The plan effectively addresses the legal transaction’s effect. Business may involve existing, valid, but ineffective legal situations. Studying plan effectiveness requires analyzing accidental elements.
Accidental Elements:
- Condition
- Term
- Charges
Concept: Legal business analysis involves existence, validity, and effectiveness. Efficacy is the means to produce the effects desired by the agent. When a business is existing, legal, and valid, with no accidental elements,
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