Classification of Property in Civil Law
Property in Civil Law
Definition
Property encompasses all that exists without being a person and can be perceived by the senses or conceived through imagination. In legal terms, it refers to anything tangible or intangible that is useful to humans. Things can be classified as either corporeal (tangible) or incorporeal (intangible), with rights falling under the latter category.
Tangible and Intangible Property (Art. 565 CC)
Assets can be tangible or intangible. Tangible assets have a physical form and
Read MoreOccupational Accident Reporting and Investigation
Part of Accidents at Work
Article 23 of the Law on Prevention of Occupational Risks outlines the employer’s obligation to notify the labor authority of injuries sustained by workers in their service as a result of work carried out. This involves writing an accident report, detailing a series of data related to the incident.
What Accidents Must Be Reported?
Depending on the Mode:
- Work accident causing sick leave, i.e., involving an absence from work of at least one day (not counting the day of cessation)
Principles and Characteristics of Labor Law
Principles of Labor Law
Protector
This principle guides labor law to protect the worker. It is reflected in three rules:
- Indusium Pro-Worker: When interpreting legal provisions with multiple meanings, the most favorable to the worker prevails.
- Most Favorable Standard: If multiple rules apply, the most favorable to the worker is chosen.
- Most Beneficial Condition: New labor standards should not diminish existing worker conditions.
Inalienability of Labor Rights
Workers cannot waive the legal benefits granted
Read MoreCustoms Glossary and Regulations
1. Customs Authority
Customs authority means the sum of powers the Service has to control the entry and exit of goods to and from the national territory and to comply with the laws and regulations governing customs proceedings. Also subject to such power are the people who move across borders, ports and airports, and import and export of services for which the law requires the intervention of Customs.
Furthermore, this authority is exercised in respect of goods and persons entering or leaving areas
Read MoreParliamentary Prerogatives and Control Mechanisms in a Parliamentary Monarchy
1. Parliament’s Prerogatives
Collective Prerogatives
Parliamentary chambers possess rights essential for their function. These are not privileges, but rather guarantees of independence:
- Self-regulation: Chambers establish their internal rules and organization.
- Administration: Chambers elect governing bodies and manage internal affairs.
- Budgetary Autonomy: Chambers approve their own budgets.
- Inviolability: Parliamentary premises are inviolable, protected from external interference.
Individual Prerogatives
Read MoreCrimes Against Honor and Maltreatment under Brazilian Law
Maltreatment (Art. 136)
Exposing a person under one’s authority, custody, or supervision (for education, treatment, or care) to life or health dangers, depriving them of necessary food or care, subjecting them to excessive or inappropriate work, or abusing correction or discipline:
Penalty: Imprisonment from two months to one year or a fine.
- If serious injury results: Imprisonment from one to four years.
- If death results: Imprisonment from four to twelve years.
- Penalty increased by one-third if the