Principle of Cooperation State / Confessions (Art. 16.3 EC): Religious Freedom in Spain
The Principle of Cooperation: State and Religious Confessions (Art. 16.3 EC)
This principle is secondary and subordinate to the principle of religious freedom, specifically the State’s positive consideration of this freedom. It is linked to the State’s position to encourage and facilitate the exercise of the right to religious freedom.
This principle recognizes groups and grants them legal status. It mandates the government to cooperate with these religious groups, as they serve the personal development
Read MoreEssential Elements of Legal Acts and Contracts
Elements of a Legal Act
The structure of a legal act, as defined in Article 1444, consists of three key elements:
Essential Elements
- General Requirements for Legal Existence: These are fundamental aspects that determine the validity of the act.
- Will
- Object
- Cause
- Solemn formalities (if required)
- Specific Requirements: These are unique characteristics of the act, such as the purchase price in a sales contract (Article 1793).
Natural Elements
These are elements that are inherent in the nature of the legal act
Read MoreFiscal Control and Liability: Articles 80-91 Explained
Title III: Research Powers, Responsibilities and Sanctions
Chapter II: Responsibilities
Article 80
The head of the fiscal control research practice may request the suspension of any officer subject to a procedure for determining liability.
Article 81
In the action taken in accordance with Article 77 of this Act, a file will be created and findings will be recorded in a report. Based on this report, the tax inspection authority, by reasoned order, will order the actions carried out or the initiation of
Read MoreMaritime Contracts: From Ancient Loans to Modern Shipping
Section 1: Ancient Sea Loans
The earliest recorded sea loans date back to the Laws of Manu in India, 10 centuries before Christ. These loans financed maritime activities. Ancient Greece had two primary forms: the Eteroploun for a single journey and the Anfoteroploun for a round trip. In the Eteroploun, the lender might send a trusted representative on the voyage or travel along to oversee the borrower. Lenders, often traders, would use the ship to transport and sell goods, facilitating currency
Read MoreThe Role of the King in the Spanish Constitution
The Crown
The Functions of the King
Article 56.1 of the Spanish Constitution defines the constitutional position and functions of the King. The Constitution refers to the King as the Head of State, presupposing a state body endowed with powers conferred by the Constitution and the laws. It is one of the constitutional organs of the State. Although legally equal to other constitutional organs, the King, as Head of State, must take a formal position of greater dignity, honorary, and ceremonial.
Article
Read MoreUnderstanding INFONAVIT: Rights, Requirements, and Benefits
Article 21. They presume the existence of the contract and the working relationship between the lender of personal work and the recipient.
Article 23. Individuals over the age of sixteen can freely provide their services with limitations specified in this law. Child workers can receive payment for their salaries and exercise their respective rights.
Article 24. Working conditions should be documented when there are no applicable collective agreements. There will be at least two copies, one of which
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