Constitutional Role of the Spanish Monarch: Powers and Functions
III. Constitutional Position of the King of Spain
1. General Features
As outlined in Article 56.1 of the Spanish Constitution (CE), the King is the symbol of Spain’s unity and continuity. The King arbitrates and moderates the regular functioning of institutions and assumes the highest representation of the Spanish State in international relations. This encompasses:
- Symbol of Unity and Permanence of State: The King embodies national unity, transcending partisan politics.
- Arbitrates and Moderates: The
Understanding the Spanish Social Security System: Benefits and Requirements
Social Security Schemes
The Spanish Social Security system is a public system with universal schemes, aiming to provide adequate assistance and benefits to the entire population in times of need.
General Scheme
The General Scheme offers broad collective protection, including employees in industry and services of capitalist corporations. It also covers certain officers, civil servants, and local, regional, or state government officials. It has integrated former special schemes (railway workers, athletes,
Read MoreSpanish Government Structure and Parliamentary Control
Government Composition configuration is legal, as determined by the Constitution. The Constitution establishes the composition of the Government (President, Vice-Ministers), which will be determined by law (Article 1.2 of Law 30/92).
- Single-member bodies
President
Appointed by the King after receiving the Congress’s confidence. The President forms the government, appoints its members, represents, directs, and coordinates their activities (Article 2 of the Law on Government).
Vice President/s
Their functions
Spanish Taxation System: Power, Administration, and Types of Taxes
Power Tax (Item 7)
Concept and Sources of Tax Power
The concept of taxation has evolved from a State imposition to an instrument for financing public expenditures. Tax power is the ability to establish tax rules, constitutionally recognized in Spain for various agencies:
- State
- Autonomous Communities
- Local bodies
Tax power is the authority of public entities to create and levy taxes. There are primary and secondary tax powers: the primary power is assigned by the Constitution, and the secondary power is
Read MoreVenezuela’s Administrative Procedures Law: Key Provisions
Organic Law on Administrative Procedures
Part I: Fundamental Provisions
Chapter I: General Provisions
Section 1. The National Civil Service and Decentralized Public Administration, integrated as provided in their organic laws, must comply with this law. State and municipal administrations, the Comptroller General, and the Attorney General are also subject to this law.
Article 2. Any person, directly or through a representative, may petition any government agency or authority. These entities must resolve
Read MoreIntroduction to Real Law and Possession
Introduction to Law
Lesson 1: Introduction to Real Law
1. Concept of Real Law
1.1. Unitarian Theories
These theories deny the distinction between real rights and personal rights.
- Personalist Theory: Based on the existence of a taxable universal. Supporters argue that law reflects the relationship between a person and all others, not between a person and a thing.
- Realistic Theory: Seeks to unify material rights and property rights, proposing the absorption of personal rights by real rights. Argues that