Labor Law and Employment Contracts
Item 1: Understanding Law and Labor
What is Law?
It is the hierarchically ordered set of rules drawn up by the legislative branch and sometimes by the government (under its statutory authority and delegation of the Parliament), mandatory and designed to regulate human coexistence.
Fundamental Freedoms in the EU
The EU is based on three fundamental freedoms for all European citizens:
- Freedom of movement of employees.
- Freedom of movement for self-employed.
- Freedom of establishment of business.
Labor Law Coverage
The
Read MoreChilean Regulations for Air Transport of Dangerous Goods (DAR-18)
Regulation of Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (DAR-18)
Scope
General Application
These provisions apply to transporting dangerous goods on Chilean and foreign civil aircraft within Chilean airspace. In urgent cases, when other transport isn’t feasible, or when full compliance contradicts public interest, the aviation authority may waive requirements if the operator ensures equivalent safety levels. Operators must only accept properly classified, documented, certified, described, packed, marked,
Read MoreBusiness Law: Partner Relationships in Entrepreneurship
Factor-Dependent Partners
Entrepreneurs often collaborate with partners to develop their businesses. Factor-dependent partners act as authorized agents of the employer, similar to a gerente. According to Article 281 of the Commercial Code, “The merchant may appoint attorneys or general or special agents to conduct business in their name and on their account, in whole or in part, or to assist them in it.” This role should not be confused with management. The manager always acts on behalf of the employer
Read MoreSpanish Social Security: Employer Obligations and Worker Benefits
Obligations of the Company with Social Security
The first entrepreneur to employ people within the scope of social security should request their own registration and listing.
Registration of Businesses: This is an indispensable prerequisite to the initiation of activities in social security. It is unique for the entire Spanish State. Following the business sign-up, a social security code is assigned for the contribution account and identification numbers.
Membership and Registration of Workers: Employers
Read MoreEvolution of Constitutionalism: From Liberalism to Modernity
Item XI. Politics and Constitution in the Crisis of Liberal Constitutionalism
The constitutional development can be understood through two perspectives:
- In the early 20th century, between the World Wars, prominent writers sought to reformulate the idea of the constitution and the fundamental elements of a constitutional state. This period yielded significant intellectual advancements.
- Liberal constitutionalism seemed inadequate, with political decisions overshadowing legal frameworks. This perspective
Fundamental Human Rights and Democracy: Principles and Institutions
UD5: Human Rights
1. What are Fundamental or Human Rights?
Fundamental or human rights are conditions that every human being possesses simply by existing, and their implementation is essential for development.
2. Generations of Human Rights
Human rights have expanded into three generations:
- First-generation: Civil and political rights of individuals.
- Second generation: Social, economic, and cultural rights.
- Third generation: Solidarity rights, environment, peace, and development of peoples.