Night Work & Health: Regulations for Worker Safety
Health Assessment and Transfer of Night Workers
Member States shall take the necessary measures to:
- Night workers receive a free health assessment before their assignment and thereafter at regular intervals.
- Night workers suffering from health problems, whose relationship with night work is recognized, are transferred whenever possible to day work to which they are suited.
Guarantees for Night Work
Member States may subject certain categories of night workers to specific guarantees, under conditions
Read MoreCompilation of Laws in the Spanish Indies: A Historical Overview
The Process of Law Compilation in the Spanish Indies
The increasing number of legal provisions aimed at regulating the diverse situations arising in the Indies from an early age raised the problem of their accessibility, not only in America but also within the Council of the Indies itself.
The compilation efforts of the Council of the Indies began during the reign of Philip II, prompted by the visit of Juan de Ovando to the Council of the Indies. Ovando initially created an index of the provisions
Read MoreJohn Locke and the Separation of Powers
CHAPTER 1: Locke and the Enunciation Originating in the Doctrine of Separation of Powers
1. John Locke, Theorist of the English Revolution
John Locke (1632-1704) is the political philosopher of the English Revolution of 1688.
The adoption of the Bill of Rights in 1689 meant the ultimate establishment of constitutional monarchy in England and the establishment of the political and constitutional principle of separation of powers.
Both the Agreement of the People (1649), which established a constitutional
Read MoreRoyal Prerogatives and Religious Freedom in Spain
Royal Prerogatives (Regalism) in Spain
Regalism refers to the intervention of the monarch in church affairs. The difference with Caesaropapism is that now the monarch is not obliged to protect the Church and can control and manage it at will. The main manifestations of regalism in Spanish law were:
- Regio Patronato Universal: The monarch’s right to intervene in the appointment of bishops and clergymen. Thus, the monarch controlled the ecclesiastical power in the country. This lasted until 1976.
- Regio
Company Constitution: Administrative, Labor, and Tax Procedures
Company Constitution: Administrative, Labor, and Tax Procedures for LLCs
This document outlines the essential administrative, labor, and tax procedures required for establishing and maintaining a Limited Liability Company (LLC).
1. Initial Procedures
1.1. Negative Name Certification
A certification verifying the uniqueness of the proposed company name. This must be presented to the notary during the deed granting process.
- Deadline: Before writing.
- Location: Companies Commercial Registry.
1.2. Notary Deed
The
Read MoreUnderstanding Business Structures: Cooperatives and More
Understanding Business Structures
No member may have more than one-third of the capital.
Key Features
- Disclaimer: Limited contributions of each member.
- Minimum members: 3, including 2 workers.
- Minimum capital: SAL and SLL 3005.06 – 60101.21.
- Taxation: Income tax.
- Social security: General rules if partners are working.
- Name: Company name together with SAL or SLL.
Cooperative Societies
Special corporations. Natural or legal persons with common interests or needs.
Do not depend on political, religious, or trade
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