Understanding Torts and Liability in the US Legal System
Intentional Torts: To constitute an intentional tort, the defendant’s act must be expressly or implicitly intended. The resulting harm need not be intended but must have been reasonably foreseeable. Examples are assault and battery, false imprisonment, slander, and invasion of privacy.
Civil Liability (Liability in Torts)
- It is a violation of the principle of not causing harm, derived from law in general.
- Attributes/elements of civil liability:
- Unlawful Act/Illegal Act/Act Against Law (Antijuridicidad)
Types of Employment Contracts: Key Features and Regulations
I. Training Contracts
A. Employment Contract for Training
- Definition: A contract that is intended for the employee to learn a trade.
- Requirements for Workers: Workers who can be hired with this type of contract must meet the following requirements:
- Be between 16 and 20 years old. Exceptions: If the worker is disabled, there is no age limit. For students, workers, and workshop schools, the ceiling is 24 years.
- They cannot have any qualification referring to the business they are undertaking. If they did,
Fundamental Civil, Social, and Economic Rights
Civil Rights
- Article 43: The right to life is inviolable.
- Article 44: Personal liberty is inviolable.
- Article 45: The enforced disappearance of persons by public authorities is prohibited.
- Article 46: Everyone has the right to respect for their physical integrity.
- Article 47: The home and any private premise are inviolable. They may only be searched with a warrant.
- Article 48: The secrecy and inviolability of private communications in all its forms are guaranteed.
- Article 49: Due process applies to all
Constitutional Rights and Duties: Chile’s Legal Framework
Chapter III: Of Constitutional Rights and Duties
Article 19
The Constitution assures all people:
The right to life and physical and mental integrity of the person.
- The law protects the life of the unborn.
- The death penalty may only be established for an offense under a law passed with a qualified quorum.
- The use of any unlawful coercion is prohibited.
Equality before the law.
- In Chile, there is no privileged person or group.
- In Chile, there are no slaves, and anyone who steps on its territory remains free.
Administrative Law I: Key Principles and Concepts
Features
1. Historicity: Administrative Law is determined by historical circumstances, mainly socio-economic-political. Every historical epoch corresponds to a model of Administrative Law.
- In the Republic, early adaptations of a liberal system are seen.
- From the late 19th century, and after 1930 until the 1970s, there is an interventionist State.
- In the last 20 years, the approach has changed, viewed from the protection of the rights of the administered and not from the standpoint of the organization.
Social Security Contributions: Understanding TC1 and TC2 Forms
B. Stock Exchange Bulletin: Model TC1
This model is completed taking into account the contribution base for all employees whose total amounts have been reflected in the model TC2. Each of the parties that divide the model includes the following particularities:
- Identifying Information: In addition to data identifying the company, the form has boxes for the liquidation period “from” and “until”, which serve to record the first and last month referred to in the settlement. When the settlement relates