Commercial Law: Definition, Sources, and Instruments in Spain
**Item 1: Definition and Sources of Commercial Law**
**Commercial Law: Concept and Historical Evolution**
a) The Traditional Classification of Substantive Law
Traditionally, substantive law is divided into public law (bounded by the state) and private law (defined by the person, in defense of their goals and particular interests). Within private law, property law regulates the person as a subject of the economy and their relations in the exercise of economic activities. Property law is divided into
Read MoreLegal Representation and Due Process in Chilean Law
The Parties
Natural or legal persons have started the war by choice or necessity. To be part of a trial requires the capacity for joy.
IUS Postulandi Standing
The party is required to appear in court, affirming itself by the ability to exercise, gained at 18 years of age. To appear in court, one should exercise action: the faculty or medium through which one demands a right and the physical act makes it worth.
Demand
It is written and is defined as a legally binding procedure, and a fact with legal consequences,
Read MoreEnvironmental Protection in Spain: Rights and Duties
Constitutional Duty to Protect the Environment
One feature of the social state that accompanies the recognition of social rights is the recognition of the right itself, which implies the duty of all to endure sacrifices for the better performance of the duty. The imposition of an environmental duty to exercise the right reinforces the protection of the environment. The independent constitutional duty to regulate is more closely linked to everyone in the task of preserving the environment. With the
Read MoreConstitutional Jurisdiction: Origins, Evolution, and Control Systems
Constitutional Jurisdiction: Origins and Evolution
Primitive liberalism and constitutionalism had great faith in the law and did not distrust the legislature. However, judges were viewed with suspicion due to their service to the king in the absolute state. There was a concern that judges were enslaved to the letter of the law. The law was seen as the charter of liberty, and the judge was merely its obedient servant and executor.
In America, subjects were protected by the Constitution, a higher law
Read MoreChilean Constitution: Citizenship, Rights, and Public Functions
**Article 8: Probity in Public Functions**
The exercise of public functions obligates owners to strictly observe the principle of probity in all their actions. Acts and decisions of State bodies, their rationale, and the procedures used are public. However, only a law of qualified quorum can establish the confidentiality or secrecy of those or them when disclosure would affect the proper performance of the functions of these bodies, the rights of individuals, national security, or national interest.
Read MoreSpanish Inquisition: History, Procedures, and Abolition
**Section 2: Tribunal of the Inquisition**
*Sources in the Middle Ages and Evolution in the Modern Age*
The Medieval Inquisition tribunal was established to combat heresy in Europe, especially that of the Albigensian heresy that extended well into the Middle Ages. In the Middle Ages, this court was never independent but was bound by the ordinary courts. It would be in the modern age when this court developed. When the Catholic Monarchs decided to act against the Jews, they were forced to reorganize
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