Fiscal Control in Venezuela: Legal Framework
**Article 43: Competent Bodies for Fiscal Control**
The competent bodies to exercise fiscal control, in accordance with the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the laws, and ordinances, are:
- The Comptroller General of the Republic
- The State Comptrollers
- The Comptrollers of the Municipalities
- The Comptrollers of the Districts and Metropolitan Districts
Sole Paragraph: The fiscal control bodies, the National Superintendency of Internal Audit, and the highest authorities of the bodies and
Read MoreLegal Framework: Objective, Subjective, Natural, and Positive Law
Objective and Subjective Law
Objective law encompasses all state standards across different legal branches. Subjective law refers to the individual rights granted to each person, defined as the legal power to pursue legally protected interests.
Natural Law and Positive Law
Positive law is the legal system of a state at any given time. Natural law is a set of universally valid rules derived from human reason and the nature of things, aiming to establish a just social order.
Legal Standards: Types and
Read MoreMedical Ethics Tribunal: Regulations and Procedures
Part III. Control and Discipline System
Chapter I. Federation of Medical and Ethical-Professional Court
ARTICLE 62. The Colombian Medical Federation is recognized as an advisory and consultative institution of the National Government.
ARTICLE 63. The National Medical Ethics Tribunal is created, based in the capital of the Republic, with authority to hear ethical and professional disciplinary proceedings related to the practice of medicine in Colombia.
ARTICLE 64. The National Medical Ethics Tribunal
Read MoreUnderstanding Civil Liability and Contractual Obligations
Liability
When a person is not fulfilling their duties or obligations, responsibility falls upon them as a sanction against failure, resulting in injury to the recipient of the duty or obligation.
Nature of Liability
Contractual liability may be the means or the result. For example, a location service is an obligation of means, which means that the debtor must put all their resources at their disposal to achieve the result and fulfills their obligation to act diligently, even when the outcome is not
Read MoreAdministrative Acts: Notification and Publication Requirements
Interested Parties in Administrative Procedures
When is the condition concerned?
- People who request action from the Administration, as well as holders of administrative rights or legitimate interests, are concerned.
- Those who have not applied for the initiation of a case but hold individual rights that may be affected by the decision are also concerned.
- Holders of legitimate interests who did not request the initiation of proceedings, provided that they become involved in the dossier before its conclusion.
Constitutional and Fundamental Rights: A Comprehensive Analysis
Fundamental Rights Course I
Unit I – Basic Concept of Law
Concept: It is associated with Constitutional Rights, Human Rights, Public Freedom, Public Subjective Rights, Natural Rights, and Essential Rights.
These expressions refer to certain powers and freedoms that a person possesses. What is now meant by Fundamental Rights has its first record in the expression “Natural Rights,” used by Enlightenment thinkers in the eighteenth century to refer to a set of rights that people have by nature.
These Natural
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