Criminal Trial: Procedures, Evidence, and Principles
LESSON 15: THE TRIAL
1. Functions: Time of Trial
Written claims in determining qualification to judge the facts, practice test for demonstration or refutation of the final precision – Celebration and advertising pretensions.
2. Constitutional Principle, Statutory Exceptions (120 EC)
Principle of publicity, punishment invalidity (680). Reasons: political control of governance, assurance of the accused. Exceptions: Reasons of morality or public order, or respect for the person offended by the crime or
Read MoreTransfer of Obligations: Assignment, Subrogation, and Novation
**Means of Transmission of Obligations**
Obligations are likely to be alienated, but the transmission of a receivable or a debt necessarily implies a change in the duty structure, which occurs by changing or replacing one of the subjects in the legal relationship, either the creditor or the debtor. There are three ways to transmit obligations: the transfer of rights, subrogation, and assignment of debts.
**Assignment of Rights**
There will be a transfer of rights when the creditor transfers to another
Read MoreCollective Unit Representation and Strike Rights
Collective Unit Representation
Works as a Whole: This applies to companies with two or more workplaces in the same province or nearby, without reaching 50 employees per site, but with a total of more than 50 workers combined.
Intercentre Committee: In companies where there are already several committees, an intercentre committee can be established by collective agreement. This committee has a maximum of 13 members drawn from the various committees for each center.
Skills of Staff and Works Council
Read MoreHuman Rights Protection in Mexico: A Historical Analysis
Human Rights in the Mexican Legal System
As a starting point, we remark that man, from living in society, provided for the existence of legal norms to regulate social relations in order to seek peace and social justice, but above all, that give security and legal certainty. Throughout history, many instruments are designed to defend the fundamental rights of people, including the figure of the Ombudsman, which is the legal instrument or means that has endured.
The institution of the Ombudsman has
Read MoreConstitutional Reform and States of Emergency in Chile
Constitutional Reform Process in Chile
The process of reforming the Chilean Constitution involves specific steps and requirements, particularly regarding the role of the President and the Congress.
Presidential and Congressional Roles
1. Proposal of Reforms:
- The President can propose any constitutional reform without exception.
- Only Members of Congress can submit reform proposals to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.
Quorum Requirements
2. Quorum for Approval:
- Generally, a 3/5 majority of the members
Public Finance Law: National and International Principles
National and International Law
International Law refers to the rules governing the financial relations between two or more sovereign states or between a sovereign state and a person associated with several sovereign states. National Law refers to the rules governing financial relations between a state and the people subject to it. It can be classified as constitutional or ordinary, referring to the standards set forth in the constitution or in common law.
Public Finance Law can be divided into multiple
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