Fundamental Rights: Life and Equality in the Chilean Constitution
Unit II: The Fundamental Right to Life
This is conferred in Article 19, number 1 of the Constitution of the Republic.
The Constitutional Court has stated that human life begins from the moment of conception, Postinor Case 2 (2008). The court’s decision is consistent with the provisions of the American Convention on Human Rights, which stipulates that states must protect the life of the unborn from the moment of conception.
When Life Ends
The Constitutional Court ruled in the sentence handed down in
Read MoreLabor Law in Venezuela: Understanding Procedures, Conflicts, and Judicial Framework
ITEM 1. Introduction to Procedural Labor Law
We must understand this issue, the general outlines of an adjective that guides the sound administration of justice work, both in court and in administrative matters. The purpose of this law is to avoid delays in the process and prevent the causes that are aired before organs administering justice from suffering other forms of dissatisfaction with the protected right, such as delays, and can therefore provide the litigant with a timely and expeditious
Read MoreSociety, State, and Power: Understanding Political Structures
Society and State from Nature
Source Definitions:
- Causes or reasons why humans are naturally determined to live in communities.
- The purpose that is pursued within the constitution of a determined community.
State of Nature
A socio-political concept or category used to make intelligible the origin of society and its meaning or purpose. The origin of society lies in a destitute human being and the satisfaction of their needs.
Power
A multiplicity of force relations that are immanent, exercised in their own
Read MoreUnderstanding Contracts, Agreements, and Legal Obligations
Agreement
An agreement is a mutual understanding or arrangement between two or more parties, where they express their willingness to act or refrain from acting in a certain way. It may or may not be legally enforceable.
Key Points:
- Can be either written or oral.
- May or may not be legally binding.
- Formed when there is a proposal and acceptance.
- For example, agreeing to meet a friend at a café.
- Not all agreements are contracts.
Contract
A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties
Real Rights: Subjects, Faculties, and Legal Defenses
Item 2: Real Rights
There can be no real rights without a subject. The subjects of the actual legal relationship may be:
- Owners of individual rights over the thing: It is he who has power over the thing and who can give effect to the real action. The holder must be determined, or at least temporarily given.
- Subjects who hold power over the thing: The holders of real rights can be:
- Individuals: Have the capacity to act or not. (Art. 443 CC)
- Legal persons as subjects of legal relations as well, e.g., the
Understanding the Criminal Legal System and its Principles
Unit I: The Criminal Legal System
Definition: A set of rules that describe behaviors rejected by society and contain the threat of a penalty. The State is the one that prohibits conduct, applies sanctions, and regulates social life.
Characteristics of Criminal Law
The main features of criminal law are that it is public, regulatory, evaluative, a finalist, and deals with external events.
- Public: Because the state is able to create rules defining crimes and imposing sanctions.
- Regulatory: Because it lays