Mexican Foreign Trade Act: Regulations and Practices
Title I: General Provisions
Chapter One
Article 1. This Act is to regulate and promote foreign trade, increase the competitiveness of the national economy, promote the efficient use of productive resources of the country, properly integrate the Mexican economy into the international economy, defend the production plant from unfair international trade practices, and contribute to raising the welfare of the population.
Article 2. The provisions of this Act are mandatory and applicable throughout the
Read MoreLegal Recourses and Victim Protection in Criminal Proceedings
Measures to Protect Victims: Purpose and Classes
The court can take measures such as the prohibition of residence, movement, and communication in proceedings for crimes of homicide, abortion, injuries, torture, crimes against freedom, against moral integrity, sexual freedom, against the right to privacy, to honor, heritage, and socio-economic benefits. These measures are based on a prima facie case (circumstantial complaint), not on the existence of a periculum in mora (risk of delay), but on the
Read MoreKey Labor Law Principles in Venezuela: A Comprehensive Analysis
Protectoria Principle or Protecting Workers
Article 8 of the Regulations of the Labor Law outlines the fundamental principles of labor law. These are expressed as follows:
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Protectoria Principle or Protecting Workers: This article contains three essential principles designed to protect and safeguard the welfare of workers:
- Rule of the More Favorable Standard or Favor Principle: When there is reasonable doubt in the application of two or more rules, the one most favorable to the worker will be applied
Legal Subjects, Facts, and Acts: Key Concepts
Legal Subjects
1. Notion
The human person is the central point around which law is established. It is a “subject” of law in two senses:
- This “subject” is subject to the law.
- It is a “subject” as the holder of the powers conferred by law.
Therefore, from a legal standpoint, the human person is called a subject, as they are subject to the rules of law and as the holder of powers granted by legal standards. The law considers the human not only as a biological being but also as a spiritual being endowed
Read MoreLegal System Essentials: Courts, Trials, and Key Concepts
Courts
a. Trial vs. Appellate Courts
Trial Courts: Original jurisdiction; determine facts and apply the law. Includes witness testimony, evidence presentation, and jury deliberations.
Appellate Courts: Review lower court decisions for legal errors; no new evidence or witnesses. Focus on legal arguments.
b. Types of Judicial Decisions
Majority Opinion: Reflects the view of most judges.
Concurring Opinion: Agree with the outcome but for different reasons.
Dissenting Opinion: Disagrees with the majority’s
Tax Obligations: Concepts, Principles, and Types
Tax Obligations: The Basics
Concept and Nature of the Obligation. The tax is established in our system as an obligation, a legal relationship where a creditor can demand a specific benefit from a debtor. Traditionally, the charge has been defined in two ways: as a coercive provision and as an obligation.
The Link to Tax Law The concept of duty, as a mandatory relationship binding the State (creditor) and the taxpayer (debtor), converges with two basic ideas: the separation of powers, which distinguishes
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