Spanish Civil Service Structure and Access
Civil Service under Law 30/1984
The civil service, under Law 30/1984 of 2 August on Reform Measures for Public Service, is one of the priority policy objectives of the government program: the reform of Public Administration. The reform of the Civil Service law is one of its basic aspects.
The scope of the measures concerns:
- The staff of the Civil Administration of the State and its Autonomous Agencies.
- Civilian personnel serving the military administration and its Autonomous Agencies.
Personnel of the
Read MoreSpanish Tax Debt Enforcement: The Urgency Procedure
Urgency Procedure: Concept and Consequences
The enforcement or urgency procedure follows the breach of the payment provision in the voluntary period, with the objective of enforcing the required equity in an amount sufficient to cover the unmet debts. Its basic regulation is found in Articles 163 to 173 of the GTL (General Tax Law).
Characteristics of the Urgency Procedure
The characteristics of the urgency procedure are:
- It is an administrative procedure reflecting the Administration’s privilege of
Obscenity Law Evolution: The Fanny Hill Story
SECTION 1 – Passage Identification (40 points)
💡 Tip: Memorize title + date + key idea.
1️⃣ First Amendment (1791) → Protects freedom of speech but does not define its limits. Key cases: Roth v. U.S., Miller v. California.
2️⃣ Fourteenth Amendment (1868) → Applies constitutional rights to states, influencing censorship laws.
3️⃣ Regina v. Hicklin (1868) → Obscenity = any material that could “corrupt.”
4️⃣ Comstock Act (1873) → Bans obscene materials, contraceptives, and
Read MoreSpanish Constitutional Principles for Taxation and Finance
Normative Nature of Constitutional Principles
Constitutional principles are fundamental elements of the financial system and its institutions (including compulsory contributions or “tributo”, credit revenue, public assets, and the Budget). They are legally binding and possess normative value. We must consider the following:
- Direct Normative Value: The Spanish Constitution (SC) is the supreme norm of the legal order, subjecting both citizens and public authorities to its provisions. This normative
Public Administration: Concepts, Structure, and Liability
Concept of Public Administration
Criteria for definition:
- Subjective Criteria (Subjects): The group of organizations and entities within the executive power.
- Objective Criteria: Any body or entity whose main function is to administer, meaning the set of activities aimed at fulfilling the general interest or public needs.
- Formal Criterion: The most characteristic aspect of public administration is the legal treatment its organizations and activities receive under administrative law. Anything regulated
Understanding Autonomous Communities’ Powers and Finances
Other Institutions
The Ombudsman
The Ombudsman defends the rights and freedoms of citizens against abuse by the Regional Administration, based on law or administrative procedure.
The Court of Auditors
The Court of Auditors (CA) audits public accounts of the Public Administrations (AAPP), including those of the Autonomous Communities (CCAA), councils, and municipalities. It manages and controls public expenditure and accounting of the autonomous regions, municipalities, and the council.
The Advisory Council
The
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